Tradvolt › TCO › Solar PV › Vietnam Factory Rooftop
Equipment: LONGi Hi-MO 9 670W bifacial HPBC 2.0 back-contact module + Sungrow SG125HX string inverter. Location: Vietnam, factory rooftop. Horizon: 25 years. Discount rate: 8.00%. Evidence date: 2026-09-22. Limitation: figures are ILLUSTRATIVE — NOT A QUOTE; binding offers are issued only via the Tradvolt RFQ form.
Verdict. Under the illustrative inputs published below (1,000 kWp installed, ~1,300 kWh/kWp/yr specific yield, 0.50%/yr linear module degradation, 100% self-consumed share of energy at an avoided industrial tariff of USD 0.0948/kWh with 1.00%/yr escalation, 0% export tariff, USD 0/yr fixed OpEx, no residual value, 8.00% discount rate, 25-year horizon), the scenario model returns NPV = USD 1,429,969.66, undiscounted benefit = USD 3,477,458.58, discounted benefit = USD 1,429,969.66, with simple payback, discounted payback and LCOE all reported as 0.0 because every cost line in the illustrative scenario is zero. The payback year and LCOE cannot be quoted until OEM FOB, freight, duty/VAT, BoS, EPC and OpEx inputs are attached to a real RFQ; request a binding offer via the RFQ link.
| Decision metric | Value (illustrative) | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Equipment | LONGi Hi-MO 9 (up to 670 W, HPBC 2.0 back-contact, bifaciality up to 80%) + Sungrow SG125HX | Real, publicly marketed products. Exact datasheet revision confirmed at RFQ. |
| Mounting structure | K2 Systems CrossRail system family (pitched/flat-roof rail, US product page; EU/Asia SKU family confirmed at RFQ) | Real, publicly marketed family. Installation manual revision confirmed at RFQ. |
| Location / horizon / discount | Vietnam factory rooftop / 25 years / 8.00% | Matches the computed tables. |
| NPV | USD 1,429,969.66 | Scenario model output. |
| Discounted benefit (PV of benefits) | USD 1,429,969.66 | Equals NPV because illustrative cost lines are zero. |
| Undiscounted benefit (25 yr) | USD 3,477,458.58 | Sum of year 1–25 benefits. |
| Simple payback | 0.0 years | Illustrative; cost lines zero in the published scenario. |
| Discounted payback | 0.0 years | Illustrative; cost lines zero in the published scenario. |
| LCOE | USD 0.0000 / kWh | Illustrative; cost lines zero in the published scenario. |
| Evidence date | 2026-09-22 | URL and lookup-portal reference date; confirmation required. |
| Limitation | ILLUSTRATIVE — NOT A QUOTE | Request binding landed-cost offer via the RFQ form. |
| Equipment family | Exact model / SKU | OEM datasheet / product page pointer |
|---|---|---|
| PV module — back-contact monocrystalline, 670 W class | LONGi Hi-MO 9 — up to 670 W, up to 24.8% efficiency, HPBC 2.0 back-contact, bifaciality up to 80%; 12-year product warranty, 30-year power warranty | LONGi Hi-MO 9 product family page; LONGi company profile (founded 2000; HQ city not stated on the page). Exact SKU and datasheet revision confirmed at RFQ. |
| String inverter — 3-phase, 1500 V DC, C&I scale | Sungrow SG125HX (125 kW class, 1500 V DC, 3-phase, multi-MPPT). Sungrow string-inverter range page lists SG125HX-family products. The current 1500 V DC C&I range is the SG125HT class; SG125HX datasheet status confirmed at RFQ. | Sungrow string inverter range; Sungrow company profile (founded 1997). Exact datasheet revision and SKU confirmed at RFQ. |
| PV mounting structure (BoS) | K2 Systems CrossRail system family (pitched/flat-roof rail mount) for commercial rooftops | K2 Systems CrossRail System (US); K2 Systems corporate site. EU/Asia SKU family and installation manual revision confirmed at RFQ. |
No product is identified as "No.1", "top-tier" or "verified supplier". Spec numbers above (module power class, inverter power class, MPPT count) are public datasheet values; the exact revision of each datasheet and installation manual is reconfirmed at RFQ before any quote is issued.
| Line item | Unit | Value (USD) | Source / note |
|---|---|---|---|
| LONGi Hi-MO 9 — FOB China | USD / Wp | RFQ input | OEM-specific FOB price; not assumed on this page. |
| Ocean freight (CN → VN, 40HQ) | USD / container | RFQ input | Forwarder-specific; packing density per OEM datasheet. |
| Insurance (0.3–0.5% of CIF) | USD / Wp | RFQ input | Standard marine cargo policy. |
| CIF landed value (subtotal) | USD / Wp | PENDING | Sum of three lines above, populated after RFQ. |
| Import duty & VAT (Vietnam) | see §6 | PENDING — lookup | Heading 8541 lookup on GDVC. |
| Customs broker, THC, manifest fees | USD / container | PENDING | Port-of-entry-specific (e.g. Cat Lai, Hai Phong, Da Nang). |
| Module landed cost (DDP site, indicative) | USD / Wp | PENDING | Sum of CIF + duty/VAT + broker. |
| Sungrow SG125HX string inverter | USD / Wp | RFQ input | OEM datasheet required at RFQ. |
| K2 Systems CrossRail mounting structure (rooftop) | USD / Wp | RFQ input | OEM installation manual required at RFQ. |
| DC/AC cabling, combiner boxes, protection | USD / Wp | RFQ input | EPC scope. |
| Erection, commissioning (EPC) | USD / Wp | RFQ input | EPC scope. |
| Total BoS CapEx (inverter + structure + BoS + EPC) | USD / Wp | PENDING | Sum of BoS lines. |
| Total system CapEx (DDP site) | USD / Wp | PENDING | Module landed + BoS CapEx. |
All numerical CapEx lines above are left as PENDING / RFQ inputs. The illustrative computed tables below do not embed any of these CapEx numbers: the scenario model was run with cost lines set to zero for the illustrative scenario, which is why every Cost (USD) cell in the year-by-year table is 0.0000 and why payback and LCOE are reported as 0.0.
| Line item | Unit | Year-1 value (USD) | Source / note |
|---|---|---|---|
| Module cleaning (factory rooftop, dry-clean, ~4–6 cycles/yr) | USD / kWp / yr | RFQ input | EPC-O&M scope; site dust-load dependent. |
| Inverter routine maintenance + spares | USD / kWp / yr | RFQ input | Sungrow SG125HX OEM maintenance schedule. |
| Monitoring (SCADA / cloud) subscription | USD / site / yr | RFQ input | Sungrow iSolarCloud or EPC equivalent. |
| Insurance (operational all-risk) | USD / kWp / yr | RFQ input | Insurer quote. |
| Module degradation reserve (linear, illustrative) | % / yr | 0.50% | Industry-typical linear degradation for c-Si; OEM-specific value confirmed at RFQ. |
| Total OpEx (year 1) | USD / kWp / yr | PENDING | Sum of cleaning, inverter maint., monitoring, insurance. |
| Input | Bounded default used in the illustrative tables | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Installed capacity | 1,000 | kWp |
| Year-1 specific yield (Vietnam rooftop, illustrative) | 1,300 | kWh / kWp / yr |
| Self-consumed share (factory daytime load, illustrative) | 100 | % of yield |
| Linear module degradation | 0.50 | % / yr |
| Industrial avoided tariff (asset.pv.tariff_per_kwh) | 0.0948 | USD / kWh |
| Tariff escalation (asset.pv.tariff_escalation_pct) | 1.00 | % / yr |
| Export tariff (asset.pv.export_tariff_per_kwh) — ZERO-AS-MISSING | 0.0000 | USD / kWh |
| Fixed annual OpEx (opex.fixed) | 0.0000 | USD / yr |
| Residual value (residual_value.amount) | 0.0000 | USD |
| Residual value year (residual_value.year) | n/a (zero) | year index |
| Discount rate | 8.00 | % / yr |
| Horizon | 25 | years |
Cost-side inputs (CapEx line items, opex.fixed, residual_value.amount, residual_value.year) are intentionally zero in the published illustrative scenario, which is why every Cost (USD) cell in the year-by-year table is 0.0000 and why simple payback, discounted payback and LCOE are reported as 0.0. Replace any default above with buyer-specific data via the RFQ form to obtain a binding landed-cost TCO.
| Metric | Value |
|---|---|
| Currency | USD |
| Horizon (years) | 25 |
| Discount rate | 8.00 % |
| Total undiscounted cost (USD) | 0.0000 |
| Total discounted cost / PV of costs (USD) | 0.0000 |
| Total undiscounted benefit (USD) | 3,477,458.58 |
| Total discounted benefit (USD) | 1,429,969.66 |
| NPV (USD) | 1,429,969.66 |
| IRR | n/a |
| Simple payback (year) | 0.0000 |
| Discounted payback (year) | 0.0000 |
| LCOE (USD/kWh) | 0.0000 |
| Year | Cost (USD) | Benefit (USD) | Net (USD) | Discount factor | Discounted net (USD) | Energy (kWh) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 0.0000 | 0.0000 | 0.0000 | 1.00 | 0.0000 | 0.0000 |
| 1 | 0.0000 | 123,240.00 | 123,240.00 | 0.9259 | 114,111.11 | 1,300,000.00 |
| 2 | 0.0000 | 124,463.16 | 124,463.16 | 0.8573 | 106,707.10 | 1,293,500.00 |
| 3 | 0.0000 | 125,698.45 | 125,698.45 | 0.7938 | 99,783.49 | 1,287,032.50 |
| 4 | 0.0000 | 126,946.01 | 126,946.01 | 0.7350 | 93,309.11 | 1,280,597.34 |
| 5 | 0.0000 | 128,205.95 | 128,205.95 | 0.6806 | 87,254.82 | 1,274,194.35 |
| 6 | 0.0000 | 129,478.39 | 129,478.39 | 0.6302 | 81,593.35 | 1,267,823.38 |
| 7 | 0.0000 | 130,763.47 | 130,763.47 | 0.5835 | 76,299.23 | 1,261,484.26 |
| 8 | 0.0000 | 132,061.29 | 132,061.29 | 0.5403 | 71,348.61 | 1,255,176.84 |
| 9 | 0.0000 | 133,372.00 | 133,372.00 | 0.5002 | 66,719.21 | 1,248,900.96 |
| 10 | 0.0000 | 134,695.72 | 134,695.72 | 0.4632 | 62,390.18 | 1,242,656.45 |
| 11 | 0.0000 | 136,032.58 | 136,032.58 | 0.4289 | 58,342.04 | 1,236,443.17 |
| 12 | 0.0000 | 137,382.70 | 137,382.70 | 0.3971 | 54,556.56 | 1,230,260.95 |
| 13 | 0.0000 | 138,746.22 | 138,746.22 | 0.3677 | 51,016.70 | 1,224,109.65 |
| 14 | 0.0000 | 140,123.28 | 140,123.28 | 0.3405 | 47,706.52 | 1,217,989.10 |
| 15 | 0.0000 | 141,514.00 | 141,514.00 | 0.3152 | 44,611.12 | 1,211,899.16 |
| 16 | 0.0000 | 142,918.53 | 142,918.53 | 0.2919 | 41,716.56 | 1,205,839.66 |
| 17 | 0.0000 | 144,336.99 | 144,336.99 | 0.2703 | 39,009.81 | 1,199,810.46 |
| 18 | 0.0000 | 145,769.54 | 145,769.54 | 0.2502 | 36,478.69 | 1,193,811.41 |
| 19 | 0.0000 | 147,216.30 | 147,216.30 | 0.2317 | 34,111.79 | 1,187,842.35 |
| 20 | 0.0000 | 148,677.42 | 148,677.42 | 0.2145 | 31,898.47 | 1,181,903.14 |
| 21 | 0.0000 | 150,153.05 | 150,153.05 | 0.1987 | 29,828.77 | 1,175,993.62 |
| 22 | 0.0000 | 151,643.32 | 151,643.32 | 0.1839 | 27,893.35 | 1,170,113.66 |
| 23 | 0.0000 | 153,148.38 | 153,148.38 | 0.1703 | 26,083.51 | 1,164,263.09 |
| 24 | 0.0000 | 154,668.37 | 154,668.37 | 0.1577 | 24,391.10 | 1,158,441.77 |
| 25 | 0.0000 | 156,203.46 | 156,203.46 | 0.1460 | 22,808.50 | 1,152,649.56 |
| Item | HS national line | Program | Rate | As-of | SoT |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PV module (c-Si, 670 W class) | PENDING — lookup under heading 8541 on GDVC | VN MFN / FTA preferential (origin-dependent) | PENDING — lookup | 2026-09-22 | PENDING |
| VAT (goods imports) | n/a | VN VAT law | PENDING — lookup on GDVC & GDT | 2026-09-22 | PENDING |
| Special consumption tax (SCT) | n/a | VN SCT law | PENDING — lookup on GDVC | 2026-09-22 | PENDING |
For cross-checking against other customs administrations (EU TARIC, USITC HTS, UK Global Tariff, Japan Customs, Australian Border Force, SARS, GRA, URA), see the lookup tools listed in the Sources table (§9). Rates are jurisdiction-specific and must be re-verified at the time of quotation.
| Standard | Scope | Issuer / status |
|---|---|---|
| IEC 61215-1:2021 / IEC 61215-1-1:2021 / IEC 61215-2:2021 (crystalline-silicon PV module design qualification) | Design and type approval of c-Si PV modules | IEC 61215-1-1:2021 (IEC TC 82 — c-Si special requirements) — IEC Webstore document page. Issued by accredited certification bodies (e.g. TÜV Rheinland, TÜV SÜD, Bureau Veritas, CSA Group). Tradvolt does not assert IEC 61215 certification for any specific module unless a copy of the OEM certificate is attached to the quote. |
| IEC 61730-1:2016 / IEC 61730-2:2016 (PV module safety qualification) | Safety qualification of PV modules | Same accredited bodies as above. Scope must be confirmed against the OEM certificate at RFQ. |
| UL 61730-1 (PV module safety qualification — North America) | Used if the same module is shipped onward to the US or Canada | UL 61730-1 — UL shop product page. Required only for North American placement; certificate scope depends on the module family. |
| UL 61730-2 (PV module safety qualification — North America) | Used if the same module is shipped onward to the US or Canada | UL LLC. Required only for North American placement; certificate scope depends on the module family. |
| UL 1973 (batteries for stationary / motive auxiliary power) | Relevant only if a BESS is added to the same shipment | UL 1973 — UL shop product page. |
| CE marking (EU/EEA) | Required only for onward EU/EEA placement | Self-declaration by the manufacturer under the relevant EU directives. For PV modules, the relevant directives include the Low Voltage Directive 2014/35/EU and the EMC Directive 2014/30/EU. For lithium-ion batteries, Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 (Battery Regulation) applies separately — see Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 — official EUR-Lex document page — but is not the CE basis for PV modules. |
No certificate numbers, logos or rankings are claimed on this page. All cert claims must be verified against the actual OEM certificate before any shipment is accepted under Tradvolt QA.
| Parameter | Value | Source / note |
|---|---|---|
| Container type | 40HQ | Standard high-cube container for solar PV modules. |
| Modules per 40HQ (LONGi Hi-MO 9 670 W class) | Per OEM datasheet packing list — confirmed at RFQ | Packing density is OEM-specific; do not assume a number without the OEM datasheet. |
| Incoterms 2020 reference | FOB / CIF / DAP / DDP options offered | ICC Incoterms 2020 (official rules page). |
| Wood packaging compliance | ISPM 15 (IPPC ISPMs) | IPPC ISPM standards list. |
| Freight documentation | FIATA documents | FIATA (freight forwarding docs). |
| Lithium battery provisions (if a BESS is co-shipped) | UN 38.3 — UN Manual of Tests and Criteria (ST/SG/AC.10/11/Rev.7) | UN Manual of Tests and Criteria (UNECE). Applies only if lithium batteries are part of the same shipment. |
Binding electrical and mechanical data come only from the OEM datasheet attached to your quote. Reference pointers used to build this page are listed below; the exact revision is reconfirmed at RFQ.
| Equipment | Reference pointer |
|---|---|
| LONGi Hi-MO 9 module family (up to 670 W, HPBC 2.0) | LONGi Hi-MO 9 product family page |
| LONGi company profile | LONGi company profile page |
| Sungrow string inverter range (incl. SG125HX / SG125HT class) | Sungrow string inverter product range page |
| Sungrow company profile | Sungrow about page |
| K2 Systems CrossRail system (US) | K2 Systems CrossRail System (US) |
| K2 Systems corporate site | K2 Systems corporate site |
Submit the RFQ form. A Tradvolt B2B export specialist will reply within 48 hours with a binding landed-cost offer (CIF or DDP) into Vietnam, the attached OEM datasheet, IEC/UL/CE certificate copies, and the exact 8-digit HS national line we will declare at customs.
| Claim on this page | Source URL (reference date: 2026-09-22) |
|---|---|
| RFQ form (all CTAs) | Tradvolt RFQ (site path) |
| HS heading 8541 — PV cells and modules (Vietnam import classification) | General Department of Vietnam Customs (GDVC) — tariff portal; EU cross-check at EU TARIC consultation |
| IEC 61215 (c-Si PV module design qualification) | IEC 61215-1-1:2021 (IEC TC 82 — c-Si special requirements) — IEC Webstore document page |
| UL 61730-1 (PV module safety qualification — North America) | UL 61730-1 — UL shop product page |
| UL 1973 (batteries for stationary / motive auxiliary power) | UL 1973 — UL shop product page |
| CE marking (EU/EEA placement) — relevant directives for PV modules | Low Voltage Directive 2014/35/EU and EMC Directive 2014/30/EU (self-declared by manufacturer). EU Battery Regulation is separate: Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 — official EUR-Lex document page — applies to lithium batteries, not to PV modules. |
| Cross-check: US HTS lookup | USITC Harmonized Tariff Schedule search |
| Cross-check: UK Global Tariff lookup | UK Global Tariff lookup |
| Cross-check: Japan Customs | Japan Customs (English) |
| Cross-check: Australian Border Force | Australian Border Force (deep tariff pages moved 2024-25) |
| Cross-check: South African Revenue Service | SARS |
| Cross-check: Ghana Revenue Authority | GRA |
| Cross-check: Uganda Revenue Authority | URA |
| Incoterms 2020 (FOB / CIF / DAP / DDP) | ICC Incoterms 2020 (official rules page) |
| UN 38.3 (lithium battery provisions, if a BESS is co-shipped) | UN Manual of Tests and Criteria (UNECE) — ST/SG/AC.10/11/Rev.7 |
| IPPC ISPM standards (wood packaging, ISPM 15) | IPPC ISPM standards list |
| FIATA (freight forwarding documents) | FIATA |
Q. Which HS code applies to a 670 W solar panel imported into Vietnam?
A. PV cells and modules are classified under Chapter 85, heading 8541 (Photovoltaic cells, whether or not assembled in modules or made up into panels). The exact 8-digit HS national line and any FTA preferential rate must be confirmed on the General Department of Vietnam Customs (GDVC) electronic tariff portal before shipment.
Q. What certifications are typically required for a 670 W module in Vietnam?
A. Reference standards for c-Si PV modules are IEC 61215 (design qualification) and IEC 61730 (safety qualification). Vietnam does not operate a single national product safety mark for PV modules; project owners and lenders typically require IEC/UL listings. Confirm exact cert scope against the OEM certificate.
Q. Is this page a quotation?
A. No. All financial figures on this page are ILLUSTRATIVE — NOT A QUOTE. Tradvolt provides binding landed-cost offers only via the RFQ form, with a formal reply within 48 hours.
Q. What is the payback on the illustrative 670 W rooftop array in Vietnam?
A. Simple payback, discounted payback and LCOE are reported as 0.0 because cost-side inputs are zero in the published scenario. The computed tables show NPV = USD 1,429,969.66 over a 25-year horizon at an 8.00% discount rate; payback and LCOE cannot be quoted until OEM FOB, freight, duty/VAT, BoS, EPC and OpEx inputs are attached to a real RFQ.