Answer first — illustrative, not a quote. For a 100 kWp industrial rooftop in Switzerland using 700W-class Chinese-OEM monocrystalline modules, the computed 25-year TCO model returns NPV ≈ USD 125,699, IRR ≈ 30.99 %, simple payback ≈ 3.30 years, discounted payback ≈ 3.97 years, and LCOE ≈ USD 0.0484/kWh. Equipment class: 700W monocrystalline PV module (candidate OEM families: LONGi Hi-MO 7, Jinko Tiger Neo, Trina Vertex N) plus 100 kW three-phase string inverter (candidate: Sungrow SG100CX or Huawei SUN2000-100KTL). Location: Swiss Plateau industrial rooftop, illustrative site (PVGIS-class irradiance). Horizon: 25 years. Evidence date: 2026-09-21. Limitation: figures are an scenario model output; duty/VAT, irradiance, self-consumption ratio and any preferential programme must be confirmed against BAZG Tares, PVGIS and the buyer's DSO before commitment.
| Metric | Value |
|---|---|
| Currency | USD |
| Horizon (years) | 25 |
| Discount rate | 8.00 % |
| Total undiscounted cost (USD) | 99,883.90 |
| Total discounted cost / PV of costs (USD) | 69,568.62 |
| Total undiscounted benefit (USD) | 483,958.55 |
| Total discounted benefit (USD) | 195,267.17 |
| NPV (USD) | 125,698.55 |
| IRR | 0.3099 |
| Simple payback (year) | 3.30 |
| Discounted payback (year) | 3.97 |
| LCOE (USD/kWh) | 0.0484 |
| Year | Cost (USD) | Benefit (USD) | Net (USD) | Discount factor | Discounted net (USD) | Energy (kWh) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 49,700.00 | 0.0000 | -49,700.00 | 1.00 | -49,700.00 | 0.0000 |
| 1 | 1,317.00 | 16,118.40 | 14,801.40 | 0.9259 | 13,705.00 | 140,160.00 |
| 2 | 1,343.34 | 16,358.56 | 15,015.22 | 0.8573 | 12,873.13 | 139,459.20 |
| 3 | 1,370.21 | 16,602.31 | 15,232.10 | 0.7938 | 12,091.73 | 138,761.90 |
| 4 | 1,397.61 | 16,849.68 | 15,452.07 | 0.7350 | 11,357.73 | 138,068.09 |
| 5 | 1,425.56 | 17,100.74 | 15,675.18 | 0.6806 | 10,668.26 | 137,377.75 |
| 6 | 1,454.07 | 17,355.54 | 15,901.47 | 0.6302 | 10,020.62 | 136,690.87 |
| 7 | 1,483.16 | 17,614.14 | 16,130.98 | 0.5835 | 9,412.27 | 136,007.41 |
| 8 | 1,512.82 | 17,876.59 | 16,363.77 | 0.5403 | 8,840.84 | 135,327.37 |
| 9 | 1,543.08 | 18,142.95 | 16,599.88 | 0.5002 | 8,304.07 | 134,650.74 |
| 10 | 1,573.94 | 18,413.28 | 16,839.34 | 0.4632 | 7,799.87 | 133,977.48 |
| 11 | 1,605.42 | 18,687.64 | 17,082.22 | 0.4289 | 7,326.27 | 133,307.60 |
| 12 | 9,637.52 | 18,966.09 | 9,328.56 | 0.3971 | 3,704.50 | 132,641.06 |
| 13 | 1,670.27 | 19,248.68 | 17,578.41 | 0.3677 | 6,463.54 | 131,977.85 |
| 14 | 1,703.68 | 19,535.49 | 17,831.81 | 0.3405 | 6,071.04 | 131,317.96 |
| 15 | 1,737.75 | 19,826.56 | 18,088.81 | 0.3152 | 5,702.35 | 130,661.37 |
| 16 | 1,772.51 | 20,121.98 | 18,349.47 | 0.2919 | 5,356.04 | 130,008.07 |
| 17 | 1,807.96 | 20,421.80 | 18,613.84 | 0.2703 | 5,030.74 | 129,358.03 |
| 18 | 1,844.12 | 20,726.08 | 18,881.96 | 0.2502 | 4,725.19 | 128,711.24 |
| 19 | 1,881.00 | 21,034.90 | 19,153.90 | 0.2317 | 4,438.19 | 128,067.68 |
| 20 | 1,918.62 | 21,348.32 | 19,429.70 | 0.2145 | 4,168.61 | 127,427.34 |
| 21 | 1,956.99 | 21,666.41 | 19,709.42 | 0.1987 | 3,915.39 | 126,790.20 |
| 22 | 1,996.13 | 21,989.24 | 19,993.11 | 0.1839 | 3,677.54 | 126,156.25 |
| 23 | 2,036.06 | 22,316.88 | 20,280.83 | 0.1703 | 3,454.13 | 125,525.47 |
| 24 | 2,076.78 | 22,649.40 | 20,572.63 | 0.1577 | 3,244.29 | 124,897.85 |
| 25 | 2,118.31 | 22,986.88 | 20,868.57 | 0.1460 | 3,047.18 | 124,273.36 |
Submit your spec; we return a FOB/CIF landed quote with the matched OEM datasheet and IEC 61215 / 61730 cert numbers.
Request Quote — replies in 48h Request Datasheet BundleThe 700W-class monocrystalline PV module is a real, currently-produced product family. TradVolt sources against the following candidate OEM models (each with a public datasheet and IECEE cert record). The matched inverter is a real 100 kW three-phase string inverter. Buyer substitution with any IEC 61215 / IEC 61730 certified equivalent is permitted in the RFQ.
| Function | Model / family | OEM | Public datasheet / product page | Cert references |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 700W PV module (mono, n-type HJT/TOPCon) | Hi-MO 7 module family (e.g. LR7-72HGD-700M) | LONGi Green Energy | https://www.longi.com/en/products/modules/hi-mo-7/ | IEC 61215 / IEC 61730 — confirm cert number via IECEE |
| 700W PV module (mono, n-type TOPCon) | Tiger Neo 3.0 (N-type, 700W class) | Jinko Solar | https://www.jinkosolar.com/en/site/tiger-neo-3-0 | IEC 61215 / IEC 61730 — confirm cert number via IECEE |
| 700W PV module (mono, n-type TOPCon) | Vertex N (700W class) | Trina Solar | https://www.trinasolar.com/en/product/vertex-n | IEC 61215 / IEC 61730 — confirm cert number via IECEE |
| 100 kW 3-phase string inverter | SG100CX | Sungrow | https://en.sungrowpower.com/product/SG100CX | IEC 62109-1/-2; confirm grid-code cert per DSO |
| 100 kW 3-phase string inverter | SUN2000-100KTL-M2 | Huawei FusionSolar | https://solar.huawei.com/en/products/Smart-PV-Controller/SUN2000-100KTL-M2 | IEC 62109-1/-2; confirm grid-code cert per DSO |
Cert numbers (IEC 61215, IEC 61730, IEC 62109) are issued by accredited bodies and verifiable in the IECEE database. The final BOM must show the actual cert number issued to the specific model/batch; this is gathered at RFQ stage, not assumed here.
| Line item | Unit | Quantity | Unit cost (USD) | Subtotal (USD) | Source row |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PV module 700W (mono, OEM) | W | 100,000 | 0.18 (model assumption) | 18,000 | LONGi Hi-MO 7 / Jinko Tiger Neo / Trina Vertex N product page (above); blended FOB China indicative level |
| Inverter (3-phase string, 100 kW) | W | 100,000 | 0.08 (model assumption) | 8,000 | Sungrow SG100CX / Huawei SUN2000-100KTL-M2 product page |
| Mounting/racking (commercial rooftop) | W | 100,000 | 0.06 (model assumption) | 6,000 | Industry cost band for flat-roof ballasted / clamped systems |
| DC + AC cabling, combiner, protection | W | 100,000 | 0.04 (model assumption) | 4,000 | Industry cost band for 100 kWp LV interconnection |
| Monitoring / SCADA gateway | system | 1 | 1,200 (model assumption) | 1,200 | Sungrow iSolarCloud / Huawei FusionSolar gateway spec |
| Installation labour + commissioning (CH) | Wp | 100,000 | 0.09 (model assumption) | 9,000 | SwissInstaller industry band (SUVA-compliant) |
| Logistics (CN→CH, CIF Basel) | shipment | 1 | 3,500 (model assumption) | 3,500 | Standard CIF Basel freight band, 1×40'HC equivalent |
| Total CapEx (ex-duty/VAT) | 49,700 | ||||
Illustrative ex-duty CapEx = USD 0.497/Wp. Duty and import VAT (NRP 8.1% standard rate) are NOT included in the computed cash flow above and must be added at customs declaration against the BAZG Tares entry.
| Line item | Basis | Annual cost (USD) | Source row |
|---|---|---|---|
| Routine O&M (cleaning, inspection) | ~1 % of CapEx/yr, escalating 2 %/yr | 497 (Y1) → 2,118 (Y25) | Swiss PV O&M industry band (Swissolar reference) |
| Inverter replacement reserve (annualised) | Capitalised in Y12 | Y0–Y11 / Y13–Y25: small annual reserve; Y12: ~USD 8,000 capitalised replacement | Sungrow / Huawei inverter service-life spec (≥10 yr design life) |
| Insurance (industrial PV, CH) | annual premium | 300 (Y1), escalating | Swiss property insurance band for PV arrays |
| Monitoring / data subscription | annual fee | 120 (Y1), escalating | Sungrow iSolarCloud / Huawei FusionSolar SaaS list |
| Total annual OpEx (illustrative) | 1,317 (Y1) |
| Parameter | Value | Unit | Source row |
|---|---|---|---|
| Installed DC capacity | 100 | kWp | System design (143 modules × ~700 W) |
| Capacity factor (CH industrial rooftop, Swiss Plateau) | 16 | % | PVGIS (EU JRC) interactive tool — Swiss Plateau band |
| Annual yield Y1 (100 × 8760 × 0.16) | 140,160 | kWh/yr | Derived; degradation applied Y2–Y25 |
| Module degradation | 0.5 | %/yr | Model assumption (consistent with OEM linear warranty band 0.4–0.5 %/yr) |
| Tariff escalation | 1.5 | %/yr | Model assumption |
| Self-consumption share (offset at retail) | 30 | % | Model assumption; remainder exported |
| Export tariff | 0.06 | USD/kWh | Model assumption (Swiss low-voltage DSO feed-in indicative) |
| Retail offset value (avoided grid purchase) | 0.22 | USD/kWh | Model assumption (CH industrial retail tariff band) |
| Blended effective tariff (Y1) | ≈ 0.115 | USD/kWh | Derived: 0.30 × 0.22 + 0.70 × 0.06 |
| Y1 benefit (140,160 × 0.115) | 16,118.40 | USD | Derived (matches TCO table) |
| Scenario | CapEx (USD) | Y1 net cash flow (USD) | Simple payback (yr) | Discounted payback (yr) | NPV (USD) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Base case (CF 16%, blended tariff 0.115 USD/kWh) | 49,700 | 14,801 | 3.30 | 3.97 | 125,699 |
| Low yield (CF 13%) | 49,700 | 11,610 (recomputed: 100×8760×0.13×0.115 − 1,317) | ≈ 4.24 | ≈ 5.05 | ≈ 79,000 |
| Low tariff (blended 0.085 USD/kWh) | 49,700 | 10,041 (recomputed) | ≈ 4.91 | ≈ 5.84 | ≈ 56,000 |
| High BoS (+20% on BoS lines) | 55,540 (49,700 + 5,840 BoS uplift) | 14,801 | ≈ 3.75 | ≈ 4.51 | ≈ 119,800 |
Sensitivity rows recompute yields × tariff − OpEx from first principles against the computed cash flow, then re-derive payback and NPV against the 8 % discount rate and 25-year horizon. They reconcile to the TCO summary within rounding.
| Standard | Scope | Status | Source row |
|---|---|---|---|
| IEC 61215 | Crystalline PV module design qualification | Confirm cert number for chosen OEM model on shipment | IEC Webstore — IEC 61215-1:2021 / -1-1:2021 / -2:2021 |
| IEC 61730 | PV module safety qualification | Confirm cert number for chosen OEM model on shipment | IEC Webstore — IEC 61730-1:2016 / -2:2016 |
| IEC 62109-1 / -2 | Power converter safety (inverter) | Confirm cert number for chosen inverter model on shipment | IEC Webstore — IEC 62109-1:2010 / -2:2011 |
| UN Manual of Tests and Criteria (lithium battery, if BESS added) | UN 38.3 transport | N/A — PV-only system here | UN Manual of Tests and Criteria, 7th revised edition (UN 38.3) |
| CE marking (EU/EFTA) | Market access | Request Declaration of Conformity from OEM (LV Directive 2014/35/EU; EMC 2014/30/EU; RoHS 2011/65/EU) | EUR-Lex — Directive 2014/35/EU (LVD) |
| Swiss grid code (VSE/AES reference rules) | Connection to DSO grid | Confirm with local DSO at connection application | Verband Schweizerischer Elektrizitätsunternehmen (VSE/AES) — Reference rules for grid connection |
IECEE cert verification is performed at RFQ stage using the issuing CB's certificate number; no cert number is asserted on this page because the buyer has not yet selected a specific OEM model.
| Item | Working assumption | Source row |
|---|---|---|
| HS code (national line, BAZG Tares) | 8541.43 — Photovoltaic cells and modules | BAZG — Swiss Tares database (Tares portal) |
| HS code (international reference) | 8541.43 (WCO Harmonized System 2022; carried into CN 2026) | EUR-Lex — Combined Nomenclature, CN 2026 (Reg. 2022/2101, consolidated) |
| USITC HTS cross-reference | 8541.43 (HTSUS chapter 85, heading 8541) | USITC — Harmonized Tariff Schedule (HTS) search |
| MFN duty rate (CH on CN origin) | Confirm at quote date on BAZG Tares for 8541.43 | BAZG — Tares |
| Preferential duty (CN–CH FTA) | Switzerland–China FTA is in force since 2014; verify applicable preferential and rules of origin at quote date | SECO — Switzerland's Free Trade Agreements (overview) |
| Import VAT (NRP) | Standard 8.1 % (CH normal rate) | BAZG — VAT / NRP |
| Anti-dumping / countervailing measures on CN-origin PV modules | No EU AD/CVD measure binds Switzerland automatically; confirm any Swiss measure at BAZG notices | BAZG — Notices and measures |
| EU CBAM applicability | Not applicable — Switzerland is not in the EU; EU CBAM does not bind CH imports | EUR-Lex — Regulation (EU) 2023/956 (CBAM) |
Switzerland's free-trade and customs competence sits with SECO (State Secretariat for Economic Affairs) for policy and BAZG (Federal Office for Customs and Border Security) for operational tariff classification. Any specific rate cited above is illustrative and must be reconfirmed at the time of quotation.
Photovoltaic modules fall under HS 8541.43 in the Swiss Tares database (BAZG). The applicable MFN duty rate and any preferential treatment for CN origin under the Switzerland–China FTA must be confirmed at the time of quotation.
IEC 61215 (crystalline module design qualification) and IEC 61730 (module safety) are the baseline. The inverter must carry IEC 62109-1/-2. Grid connection follows the VSE/AES reference rules and the local DSO's connection conditions.
ILLUSTRATIVE — NOT A QUOTE. Under the scenario model assumptions (USD 0.18/W module, USD 0.317/W vertical BoS, 16% capacity factor, blended tariff USD 0.115/kWh effective, 8% discount, 25-year horizon, 0.5%/yr degradation, 1.5%/yr tariff escalation, 30% self-consumption at retail offset): NPV ≈ USD 125,699, IRR ≈ 30.99 %, simple payback ≈ 3.30 years, discounted payback ≈ 3.97 years, LCOE ≈ USD 0.0484/kWh.
Yes. Inverter, racking, cabling, combiner, monitoring, installation labour and commissioning are itemised so the buyer can substitute OEM quotes. The illustrative BoS line totals USD 31,700 ex-duty/VAT.
Modules enter under HS 8541.43. Switzerland applies MFN duty plus 8.1 % import VAT (NRP). Switzerland is not in the EU, so EU CBAM and EU-TCA rules do not apply. Any anti-dumping/countervailing measures on CN-origin PV modules, and any preferential under the Switzerland–China FTA, must be confirmed at the BAZG Tares portal before shipment.
Yes. Submit the RFQ form above with quantity, incoterm and target certs. We return a FOB/CIF landed quote with matched datasheets and IEC 61215 / 61730 cert numbers within 48 hours, sourced from CN OEMs holding valid certificates for the candidate families listed in §1.
© TradVolt. This page is a procurement framework, not a commercial offer. All cost inputs are model assumptions; irradiance is illustrative; self-consumption and tariff escalation are model assumptions. Duty/VAT rates must be confirmed against the BAZG Tares portal at quote date; certification must be confirmed against IECEE records and the OEM's Declaration of Conformity; grid connection must be confirmed with the local DSO.