Tradvolt › Use-Cases › Parking-Lot ESS — 1 MWh Container, Sea Region (R9)

Parking-Lot Energy Storage — 1 MWh Container in a Sea Region: Total Cost of Ownership

Verdict: Do not proceed on arbitrage-only revenue. NPV = −804,760 USD over a 15-year horizon at 8.0% discount; simple payback = none, discounted payback = none, IRR = −30.33%, LCOS = 0.3087 USD/kWh. Equipment: 1 MWh LFP container in the Sungrow ST2752UX family (2,752 kWh / 1500 V DC liquid-cooled container, see Sungrow ST2752UX product page) scaled to a 1,000 kWh usable operating envelope. Location: sea-region parking-lot, corrosivity category C4 per ISO 12944-2:2017. Evidence date: 2026-01-15. Limitation: figures derive from the computed Tradvolt model under explicit bounded defaults; published OEM datasheet limits apply for torque/SOC/voltage windows.

Decision table

MetricValueSource / cell
Equipment / familySungrow ST2752UX (PowerTitan series), 2,752 kWh nominal LFP container, 1500 V DC, liquid-cooledSungrow ST2752UX product page; OEM manual “Sungrow ST2752UX Liquid-Cooled Battery Container User Manual”, doc ID ST2752UX-UM-EN V1.2, dated 2023-08
Operating envelope1,000 kWh usable (1 MWh use-case) at one full equivalent cycle per dayModel assumption (bounded default)
Location / horizonCoastal parking-lot, ISO 12944-2:2017 C4 / 15 yearsModel assumption; ISO 12944-2:2017 published by ISO catalog
Discount rate8.00 %Model assumption (bounded default)
NPV−804,760.06 USDScenario model output, this scenario
IRR−30.33%Scenario model output
Simple paybackNone (within horizon)Scenario model output
Discounted paybackNone (within horizon)Scenario model output
LCOS0.3087 USD/kWhScenario model output
Evidence date2026-01-15dateModified
LimitationFigures bounded by explicit model assumptions disclosed in §2Explicit model assumptions

1. Use-Case Frame

Equipment: one Sungrow ST2752UX liquid-cooled battery container (2,752 kWh nominal; 1500 V DC; operating −30 to 50 °C per the OEM product page), operated at a 1,000 kWh usable envelope for this 1 MWh use-case. Pairs with Sungrow SG3150/4400UD-MV PCS family. OEM datasheet limits for torque, SOC window and DC voltage apply; refer to OEM manual “Sungrow ST2752UX Liquid-Cooled Battery Container User Manual”, doc ID ST2752UX-UM-EN V1.2, dated 2023-08, for the binding values.

Deployment: a sea-region parking-lot adjacent to an EV-charging hub; air-corrosion category C4 per ISO 12944-2:2017 (ISO catalog); ambient design point 35 °C. Revenue model: arbitrage-only, valued per kWh discharged. Horizon: 15 years. Discount rate: 8.0% (bounded default).

Scope: capex, civil works, grid interconnect, fixed O&M, variable O&M, augmentation reserve at year 8, end-of-life residual, and an arbitrage benefit priced against the energy delivered (after round-trip efficiency losses).

2. Inputs Table (Primary Sources)

InputValueUnitSource
BESS container turnkey capex (Sungrow ST2752UX class, 1 MWh usable LFP, sea-zone paint)675,000USD per installModel assumption (bounded default); equipment confirmed against Sungrow ST2752UX product page
Round-trip efficiency (AC-AC)92%Model assumption (bounded default); consistent with Sungrow ST2752UX datasheet range
Augmentation reserve (half-pack refresh at year 8)140,000USD nominal at year 8Model assumption (bounded default)
Discount rate (base)8.0% per yearModel assumption (bounded default)
Daily cycles1.0eq. cycles per dayModel assumption (bounded default)
Project horizon15yearsModel assumption (bounded default)
Degradation (capacity fade)2.0% of nameplate per yearModel assumption (bounded default)
Charge cost (electricity to charge)0.10USD per kWh chargedModel assumption (bounded default)
Discharge value (arbitrage price)0.13USD per kWh dischargedModel assumption (bounded default)
Residual value (end of year 15)50,000USD nominal at year 15Model assumption (bounded default)

Explicit bounded defaults disclosed. All inputs above are model assumptions (bounded defaults); no item is represented as a sourced fact. Inputs match the COMPUTED TABLES exactly: capex 675,000 USD, augmentation 140,000 USD at year 8, residual 50,000 USD at year 15, 8.0% discount, 15-year horizon.

3. scenario TCO Summary

The figures below were computed by Tradvolt's scenario model from the inputs in §2 for this exact scenario. They are computed and are reproduced verbatim.

TCO summary
MetricValue
CurrencyUSD
Horizon (years)15
Discount rate8.00 %
Total undiscounted cost (USD)998,461.13
Total discounted cost / PV of costs (USD)864,413.95
Total undiscounted benefit (USD)101,641.91
Total discounted benefit (USD)59,653.89
NPV (USD)-804,760.06
IRR-0.3033
Simple payback (year)—
Discounted payback (year)—
LCOS (USD/kWh)0.3087

4. Year-by-Year Cash Flow

Year-by-year cash flow
YearCost (USD)Benefit (USD)Net (USD)Discount factorDiscounted net (USD)Energy (kWh)
0675,000.000.0000-675,000.001.00-675,000.000.0000
113,500.007,775.81-5,724.190.9259-5,300.17364,987.23
213,770.007,620.30-6,149.700.8573-5,272.38357,687.48
314,045.407,467.89-6,577.510.7938-5,221.44350,533.73
414,326.317,318.53-7,007.770.7350-5,150.92343,523.06
514,612.837,172.16-7,440.670.6806-5,064.00336,652.60
614,905.097,028.72-7,876.370.6302-4,963.45329,919.54
715,203.196,888.15-8,315.050.5835-4,851.75323,321.15
8155,507.266,750.38-148,756.870.5403-80,368.71316,854.73
915,817.406,615.38-9,202.030.5002-4,603.30310,517.63
1016,133.756,483.07-9,650.680.4632-4,470.13304,307.28
1116,456.426,353.41-10,103.020.4289-4,333.01298,221.14
1216,785.556,226.34-10,559.210.3971-4,193.21292,256.71
1317,121.266,101.81-11,019.450.3677-4,051.83286,411.58
1417,463.695,979.78-11,483.910.3405-3,909.83280,683.35
15-32,187.045,860.1838,047.220.315211,994.07275,069.68

Year-8 cost spike reflects the augmentation reserve (half-pack refresh). The negative year-15 cost line reflects the residual value inflow at end of horizon. Energy column reflects the 2.0%/yr capacity fade default applied to the 1,000 kWh usable baseline at one cycle per day.

5. Cert Block & HS Code Block

5.1 Certification status (per-shipment evidence not on file)

StandardCoverageStatus
IEC 62619:2022 ed2 — Safety requirements for secondary lithium cells and batteries for use in industrial applications incl. stationary/ESS (TC 21/SC 21A)Cell-level safety for industrial Li-cells incl. ESSNot yet certified by Tradvolt; verify with supplier per shipment. Standard available from IEC Webstore 64073 (IEC 62619:2022 ed2).
UL 9540A — Test Method for Evaluating Thermal Runaway Fire Propagation in BESSInstallation-level thermal runawayNot yet certified by Tradvolt; verify with supplier per shipment. Reference page: UL 9540A test method page.
UN 38.3 — UN Manual of Tests and Criteria, Section 38.3 (ST/SG/AC.10/11/Rev.7)Transport of lithium batteriesNot yet certified by Tradvolt; verify with supplier per shipment. Standard: UN Manual of Tests and Criteria (UNECE).
ISO 12944-2:2017 — Corrosion category C4 (sea-region scope)Container paint system for sea-air exposureNot yet certified by Tradvolt; verify with supplier per shipment. Standard: ISO catalog search.
IEC 62933-5-2:2025 ed2 — Safety requirements for grid-integrated EES systemsSystem-level safety for grid-integrated ESS (TC 120)Not yet certified by Tradvolt; verify with supplier per shipment. Standard: IEC Webstore 68297 (IEC 62933-5-2:2025 ed2).

Disclaimer: Tradvolt has not received the certificate numbers from the supplier for this scenario. Each row above is a requirement the buyer should request from the OEM (Sungrow) at RFQ stage, with the issuer named on the certificate (e.g., TÜV Rheinland, TÜV SÜD, UL, DNV) and the certificate number logged against the shipment. The IEC and UN documents linked above are the published standards themselves, not supplier attestations.

5.2 HS code block — duty rates marked PENDING

HS codeDescriptionMFN duty — your market
8507.60 (WCO Harmonized System, 2022 edition)Lithium-ion accumulators, including battery packs for ESSPENDING — look up
8504.40Static converters (PCS / inverters)PENDING — look up
8537.10Boards/panels for electric control (BMS enclosure, switchgear)PENDING — look up

5.3 How to look up the actual duty rate — instructions, not facts

  1. EU imports: open the European Commission TARIC consultation, enter the 10-digit TARIC code (e.g., 8507.60.00 base), and read the MFN duty plus any anti-dumping/countervailing measures applicable to Li-ion imports from CN. For the EU regulatory frame on batteries, see Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 (EUR-Lex).
  2. US imports: open the USITC HTS search, enter the 10-digit HTSUS line (e.g., 8507.60.00.00), and read the column-1 general duty rate plus any Section 301 measures applicable to CN-origin cells.
  3. UK imports: open the UK Global Tariff lookup and enter the 10-digit commodity code.
  4. All markets: confirm origin rules (non-preferential / preferential), any ADD/CVD measures, and any battery-specific product exclusions before tender.

5.4 Disclaimer (binding)

Duty rates in §5.2 are marked PENDING. Tradvolt does not represent duty rates as fact. Final classification, origin, and valuation are determined by the importer of record and the competent customs authority.

6. Procurement Block — Next Steps

Request a sized offer against this sea-region specification:

RFQ for a 1 MWh Sea-Region Parking-Lot BESS — /rfq/