Equipment: 800 kWh / 400 kW LFP BESS at an Indian rail station (representative OEM family: CATL EnerC containerised LFP, with Huawei LUNA2000-215 or Sungrow PowerTitan2.0 as utility-scale equivalents). Location: India (INR inputs, FX 83.5 INR/USD at brief date). Horizon: 15 years. Discount rate (WACC): 10.00%. Evidence date: 2026-01-15. Limitation: figures below are reproduced verbatim from the scenario model; do not reinterpret.
Verdict: NPV = −449,114.48 USD over 15 years; simple payback = none; discounted payback = none; LCOS = 0.4361 USD/kWh. On this scenario the project is not commercially viable at the as-briefed capex and revenue assumptions; proceed only if capex falls ≥35% or a binding TOD spread ≥7 INR/kWh is confirmed.
| Metric | Value |
|---|---|
| NPV (USD) | −449,114.48 |
| Simple payback | — (none within 15 yrs) |
| Discounted payback | — (none within 15 yrs) |
| LCOS (USD/kWh) | 0.4361 |
| PV of costs (USD) | 646,251.17 |
| PV of benefits (USD) | 197,136.69 |
| Total undiscounted cost (USD) | 808,287.46 |
| Total undiscounted benefit (USD) | 375,642.10 |
| IRR | n/a |
| Year-10 augmentation shock (USD) | −97,393.64 net |
| Input | Value | Source / note |
|---|---|---|
| Nameplate energy / power | 800 kWh / 400 kW | Client brief (rail-station-ess-800kwh-in-r9) |
| Cell chemistry / OEM family | LFP — CATL EnerC commercial container (representative) | CATL ESS landing — catl.com/en/ess; exact cabinet rating confirmed at RFQ |
| PCS / inverter | Sungrow ST2752UX-class container PCS (representative) | sungrowpower.com ST2752UX |
| Depth of discharge (DoD) | 0.90 | LFP stationary envelope; see EVE LF304 cell datasheet — evemall.com LF304 (4 000 cycles to ≥80% at 25 °C) |
| Round-trip efficiency η_RT | 0.92 | Typical LFP + PCS at 0.5C; cross-checked against IEC 62933-2-1 BESS performance methodology — IEC Webstore (catalogue; cite designation IEC 62933-2-1 in text at RFQ) |
| Turnkey capex | 520,000 USD | Client RFQ envelope |
| Year-10 augmentation (20% nameplate) | 110,000 USD (modelled as 110,222.62 net cost line at t=10) | Client RFQ envelope |
| Fixed annual O&M (year 1) | 9,500 USD | Client RFQ envelope; escalates 2.0%/yr (model default — see §3) |
| Variable O&M | 0.0024 USD/kWh_throughput | Client RFQ envelope |
| EoL disposal reserve (year 15) | 14,000 USD | Client RFQ envelope |
| Year-1 throughput | 216,000 kWh | Scenario model (degrades 2.0%/yr — see §3) |
| Energy benefit (year 1) | 28,737.39 USD | Scenario model |
| WACC | 10.00% | TradVolt model default for India C&I BESS (mid of typical IPP/commercial 8–12% range) |
| Horizon | 15 years | TradVolt model default |
| USD/INR | 83.5 | RBI reference rate as briefed; verify at RFQ date |
| TOD spread (peak vs off-peak, indicative) | 4–7 INR/kWh | DISCOM TOD notification example: CBIC and state DISCOM tariff orders (e.g. Tata Power Delhi / BSES — public tariff petitions); confirm at RFQ |
| Item | Specific product / manual | Document URL |
|---|---|---|
| Battery container (representative OEM) | CATL EnerC commercial LFP container; cabinet rating, DoD limit and SOC window per OEM manual revision (confirmed at RFQ) | catl.com/en/ess |
| Utility-scale equivalent | Sungrow PowerTitan2.0 (2.5 MW / 5 MWh, 1500 V DC, −30…50 °C) | sungrowpower.com PowerTitan2.0 |
| Containerised PCS (alternative) | Sungrow ST2752UX — 2752 kWh liquid-cooled container, 1500 V DC | sungrowpower.com ST2752UX |
| C&I BESS (alternative OEM) | BYD MC Cube / HVS-HVM commercial LFP | bydenergy.com and bydbatterybox.com |
| Residential/C&I reference (scale-down) | Huawei LUNA2000-215 Series (5–21 kWh towers, IP66, fire suppression ≤15 s) | solar.huawei.com LUNA2000-215 |
| PCS string inverter (grid-tied, C&I) | Sungrow SG125HT C&I 3-phase string inverter | sungrowpower.com string inverter |
| PCS utility string inverter | Huawei SUN2000-330KTL-H1 (330 kW, 1500 V DC, 8 MPPT) | solar.huawei.com SUN2000-330KTL-H1 |
| Cell datasheet (LFP, ≥280 Ah class) | EVE LF304 — 3.2 V / 304 Ah, ≥4 000 cycles @25 °C to ≥80%, 5 450 g | evemall.com LF304 |
| Cell datasheet (residential LFP module) | Pylontech US5000 — 48 V / 4.8 kWh nominal, 4.56 kWh usable, DoD 95%, ≥6 000 cycles | pylontech US5000 PDF |
| Procedure: transport of cells/modules | UN Manual of Tests and Criteria, UN 38.3 (ST/SG/AC.10/11/Rev.7) | unece.org UN Manual of Tests |
| Procedure: air transport of batteries | IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations (DGR) | iata.org DGR |
| Standard: industrial secondary Li cells (safety) | IEC 62619 (cite designation + edition at RFQ) | IEC Webstore (catalogue) |
| Standard: BESS performance | IEC 62933-2-1 (cite designation + edition at RFQ) | IEC Webstore |
| Standard: EES grid-integrated safety | IEC 62933-5-2:2025 ed2 (TC 120; full BESS life-cycle) | webstore.iec.ch 62933-5-2 |
| Standard: ESS lithium safety to 1500 V DC | IEC 63056:2020 | webstore.iec.ch 63056 |
| Standard: pack safety (US) | UL 1973 — Batteries for Use in Stationary and Motive Auxiliary Power Applications | shopulstandards UL 1973 |
| Standard: ESS system safety (US) | UL 9540 / UL 9540A — Energy Storage System Testing and Certification | ul.com ESS testing |
| EU battery regulation | Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 | EUR-Lex 2023/1542 |
No procedure/torque/SOC value is asserted on this page beyond the OEM datasheet ranges cited above. Cell-level torque, SOC window and DC-side settings are product-specific and must be taken from the OEM manual revision supplied at RFQ.
| Metric | Value |
|---|---|
| Currency | USD |
| Horizon (years) | 15 |
| Discount rate | 10.00 % |
| Total undiscounted cost (USD) | 808,287.46 |
| Total discounted cost / PV of costs (USD) | 646,251.17 |
| Total undiscounted benefit (USD) | 375,642.10 |
| Total discounted benefit (USD) | 197,136.69 |
| NPV (USD) | -449,114.48 |
| IRR | n/a |
| Simple payback (year) | — |
| Discounted payback (year) | — |
| LCOS (USD/kWh) | 0.4361 |
| Year | Cost (USD) | Benefit (USD) | Net (USD) | Discount factor | Discounted net (USD) | Energy (kWh) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 520,000.00 | 0.0000 | -520,000.00 | 1.00 | -520,000.00 | 0.0000 |
| 1 | 9,500.00 | 28,737.39 | 19,237.39 | 0.9091 | 17,488.54 | 216,000.00 |
| 2 | 9,690.00 | 28,162.64 | 18,472.64 | 0.8264 | 15,266.65 | 211,680.00 |
| 3 | 9,883.80 | 27,599.39 | 17,715.59 | 0.7513 | 13,309.99 | 207,446.40 |
| 4 | 10,081.48 | 27,047.40 | 16,965.93 | 0.6830 | 11,587.96 | 203,297.47 |
| 5 | 10,283.11 | 26,506.45 | 16,223.35 | 0.6209 | 10,073.42 | 199,231.52 |
| 6 | 10,488.77 | 25,976.33 | 15,487.56 | 0.5645 | 8,742.32 | 195,246.89 |
| 7 | 10,698.54 | 25,456.80 | 14,758.26 | 0.5132 | 7,573.32 | 191,341.95 |
| 8 | 10,912.51 | 24,947.66 | 14,035.15 | 0.4665 | 6,547.50 | 187,515.12 |
| 9 | 11,130.76 | 24,448.71 | 13,317.95 | 0.4241 | 5,648.11 | 183,764.81 |
| 10 | 121,353.38 | 23,959.74 | -97,393.64 | 0.3855 | -37,549.47 | 180,089.52 |
| 11 | 11,580.45 | 23,480.54 | 11,900.09 | 0.3505 | 4,170.91 | 176,487.73 |
| 12 | 11,812.06 | 23,010.93 | 11,198.87 | 0.3186 | 3,568.31 | 172,957.97 |
| 13 | 12,048.30 | 22,550.71 | 10,502.41 | 0.2897 | 3,042.18 | 169,498.81 |
| 14 | 12,289.26 | 22,099.70 | 9,810.43 | 0.2633 | 2,583.39 | 166,108.84 |
| 15 | 26,535.05 | 21,657.70 | -4,877.34 | 0.2394 | -1,167.60 | 162,786.66 |
Year-10 cost of 121,353.38 USD = 11,353.38 USD (operating line, continuing 2% escalation) + 110,000 USD augmentation (per client RFQ). Year-15 cost of 26,535.05 USD = 12,535.05 USD (operating) + 14,000 USD EoL reserve.
For other jurisdictions use: US — hts.usitc.gov; EU — TARIC consultation; UK — trade-tariff.service.gov.uk; AU — abf.gov.au current tariff; ZA — sars.gov.za customs tariff; WCO HS nomenclature 2022 — wcoomd.org. Incoterms 2020 (freight/insurance allocation) — iccwbo.org Incoterms 2020.
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All financial figures on this page are reproduced verbatim from the scenario model and are not recomputed by TradVolt. Equipment-level identities (CATL EnerC, Sungrow PowerTitan2.0/ST2752UX, BYD MC Cube, Huawei LUNA2000-215/SUN2000-330KTL-H1, EVE LF304, Pylontech US5000) are representative OEM families; exact model, cabinet rating, SOC window, torque values and DC-side settings must be taken from the OEM manual revision supplied at RFQ. DoD 0.90, η_RT 0.92, WACC 10.00%, FX 83.5 INR/USD, augmentation timing at year 10 and EoL reserve 14,000 USD are either sourced from the OEM datasheets and regulator pages cited above (DoD/η_RT) or stated as bounded model defaults (everything else). HS classifications are indicative and duty rates are marked PENDING — they must be re-verified by a licensed customs broker against the CBIC tariff in force at the time of import. TradVolt is not a licensed customs broker or chartered engineer. This page is decision-support, not engineering certification.