Use-Case / TCO — 750 kWh BESS at a Coastal Landfill Gas-to-Power Site

Scenario ID: landfill-ess-750kwh-sea-r9 · Geography: North Sea coastal LFG site · Equipment: CATL EnerC cabinet (2 paralleled) + Huawei SUN2000-330KTL-H1 + Sungrow SG125HT · Horizon: 20 years · Discount rate: 7.00 % real · Evidence date: 2026-09-22

1. Scope and equipment

A 750 kWh / 375 kW lithium-iron-phosphate (LFP) battery storage system is colocated with a 1.6 MW landfill-gas (LFG) reciprocating engine. The BESS smooths engine output, stores daytime surplus for evening grid feed-in, and provides frequency-response services to the TSO. The site sits roughly 800 m from the high-water line; the cabinet enclosure is specified to IP66 with ISO 9223 C4 (salt-fog) coating class, both treated as scenario assumptions bounded by the inputs in §2.

The equipment stack referenced in this scenario, with manufacturer pages used for capacity and topology confirmation:

• BATTERY (cabinet family): CATL EnerC 372 kWh cabinet, 2 paralleled for ~744 kWh nameplate — manufacturer portal: CATL Energy Storage. At publication, this page names the EnerC 372 kWh family; cabinet serial, BMS torque settings, SoC window and DC bus voltage limits are scenario assumptions in §2 and are confirmed against the OEM manual revision in force at the RFQ stage.
• POWER CONVERSION (AC coupling): Huawei SUN2000-330KTL-H1 string inverter (330 kW, 1500 V DC, 8 MPPT, 3-phase) — SUN2000-330KTL-H1 product page. Operating envelope at publication (datasheet-stated): 1500 V DC max, 8 MPPT. Specific firmware/software revision is RFQ-stage.
• STRING INVERTER (PV side): Sungrow SG125HT C&I 3-phase string inverter — Sungrow string inverter range (family page including SG125HT). Family datasheet cited; SG125HT-specific revision is RFQ-stage.

All three references are to OEM product or family pages that confirm the model designations cited above. Specific OEM manual titles and revisions (BMS torque, SoC window, DC voltage limits) are issued by the OEM under NDA and are confirmed at RFQ; at publication the numeric operating envelope is bounded by the scenario assumptions listed in §2.

2. Inputs to the scenario model

The scenario model used the inputs in the table below. Sourced rows cite the specific document; bounded defaults are explicit model assumptions (not sourced facts).

3. TCO summary — computed figures (from COMPUTED TABLES)

4. Year-by-year cash flow — computed (from COMPUTED TABLES)

5. Interpretation

Cost and benefit discounting are reported on the same real, end-of-year basis at r = 7%. The PV of costs (363,074.01 USD) is the sum of the discounted Cost column over years 1–20 plus the year-0 capex of 240,000 USD (discount factor 1.00); PV of benefits (222,115.62 USD) is the sum of the discounted Benefit column over years 1–20. NPV is PV(benefits) − PV(costs) = 222,115.62 − 363,074.01 = −140,958.38 USD.

The year-12 line carries the replacement capex (144,000 USD nominal) plus that year's O&M (5,968.20 USD), totalling 149,968.20 USD — a single-year net outflow (−130,623.93 USD nominal, −57,998.59 USD discounted) that drives the cumulative discounted balance to its deepest point.

Because the cumulative discounted net cash flow never crosses zero, neither simple nor discounted payback occurs within the 20-year horizon. IRR is therefore negative (−6.15%), below any positive hurdle rate.

LCOS = PV(costs) / PV(throughput). With PV(throughput) = Σ kWh_t × 1/(1.07)^t over years 1–20, LCOS = 363,074.01 / PV(throughput) = 0.1773 USD/kWh.

6. What would have to change to clear the screen

Illustrative point estimates only; not in the COMPUTED TABLES block. Use the RFQ form to obtain a binding re-run through the scenario model.

• Lower capex. A lower battery pack $/kWh reduces the year-0 anchor and the year-12 replacement.
• Lower discount rate. A regulated-utility WACC around 4% real compresses the annuity penalty on the year-12 replacement and lifts PV(throughput) per LCOS.
• Higher value per kWh discharged. Stacking frequency response with day-ahead arbitrage and capacity-market payments raises benefit per kWh.
• Defer or stretch the replacement. Beyond year 12 reduces the discounted weight of the second capex.

7. Trade-compliance notes

8. Applicable standards (named in text, editions in force)

UN 38.3 (UN ST/SG/AC.10/11/Rev.7) IEC 62619:2022 ed2 — Safety requirements for secondary lithium cells and batteries for use in industrial applications incl. stationary/ESS (IEC 62619:2022) IEC 62485-5:2020 — Safety requirements for stationary lithium-ion batteries (IEC 62485-5:2020) IEC 62109-1:2010 — PCE safety general requirements (IEC 62109-1:2010) UL 1973 (UL 1973) UL 9540A NFPA 855 ISO 9223 C4 IEC 61851-1:2017 (IEC 61851-1:2017) if EV bi-directional charging is added

9. HS code block (PENDING, with lookup path)

HS 2025: PENDING — exact sub-heading to be confirmed at RFQ via EU TARIC consultation (link), USITC HTS (link) and UK Global Tariff (link), cross-referenced against WCO HS Nomenclature 2022 edition (link). Section heading likely candidates: 8507 (electric accumulators) with lithium-ion preference. Dual-use (EU): not listed. Export-control (US): ECCN 3A991 (mass-market batteries).

10. Next steps

Evidence date: 2026-09-22. Tradvolt editorial. computed figures are limited to the COMPUTED TABLES in §3 and §4; all other quantitative commentary is illustrative.