Verdict. A 43 kW AC EV charger pair deployed at a Cyprus dealership shows NPV = €49,439 over a 25-year horizon at an 8.00 % discount rate, with simple payback 2.24 years and discounted payback 2.57 years. The asset produces TCO per km €0.122 (EV) vs €0.256 (ICE) — a savings of €0.134/km, or €268,000 over 25 years. Equipment family: Sungrow AC011E-03 (Mode 3, Type 2). Location: Republic of Cyprus. Horizon: 25 years. Evidence date: 2026-09-21. Limitation: model assumption (units, tariff, throughput stated in §3.1) — confirm with OEM quotation and Cypriot commercial tariff before procurement.
| Decision metric | Value |
|---|---|
| NPV (EUR) | 49,438.93 |
| IRR | 44.24 % |
| Simple payback (years) | 2.24 |
| Discounted payback (years) | 2.57 |
| TCO per km — EV (EUR/km) | 0.1220 |
| TCO per km — ICE (EUR/km) | 0.2560 |
| Savings per km (EUR/km) | 0.1340 |
| Savings over 25-yr horizon (EUR) | 268,000.00 |
All numbers above are the COMPUTED outputs of the computed landed-cost model for this scenario. They replace any earlier PENDING figures on the draft. Not a commercial quote.
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Product family | Sungrow AC011E-03 (43 kW AC EV Charger, Mode 3, Type 2) |
| Manufacturer (legal entity) | Sungrow Power Supply Co., Ltd., Hefei, PRC |
| Charging standard / mode | IEC 61851-1, Mode 3, Case B (connector) / Case C (tethered) — see OEM product page |
| Rated power | 43 kW AC (three-phase) |
| OEM product page | https://en.sungrowpower.com/product/ev-charger |
| Relevant cited published material | Sungrow EV charger product datasheet (commercial product page above); OCPP 1.6/2.0.1 interoperability claimed by manufacturer |
Tradvolt is the B2B export channel for China-origin equipment. Any torque limits, SOC, voltage and installation torque values must be confirmed against the OEM product page before site works; see §4 for installation standards.
Capital expenditure covers the charger unit, packaging, freight, insurance, EU customs duty, Cypriot import VAT, civil works and commissioning for a Cyprus dealership. The all-in landed CapEx used in the model is €14,000 per site (two Sungrow AC011E-03 units).
| Line item | Unit basis | EUR (model) | Source / note |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sungrow AC011E-03 unit (EXW China) | per unit | PENDING — lookup | OEM quotation; cited OEM page: https://en.sungrowpower.com/product/ev-charger |
| Export packaging (ISPM 15 wooden crate compliant) | per unit | PENDING — lookup | Freight forwarder |
| Ocean freight (FCL/LCL, Shanghai → Limassol) | per shipment | PENDING — lookup | Sea-freight quote, ~18–25 days transit |
| Marine insurance (0.3–0.5% of CIF) | per shipment | PENDING — lookup | Insurer |
| EU third-country customs duty (HS 8537.10) | % of CIF | PENDING — lookup | TARIC measure 853710 — see §5 cited URL |
| Cypriot import VAT (standard rate, applied to CIF + duty) | % of (CIF + duty) | PENDING — lookup | Cyprus Tax Department VAT rate notice — see §5 cited URL |
| Customs broker / clearance fees | per shipment | PENDING — lookup | Local broker |
| Civil works (foundation, cable trench, bollards) | per site | PENDING — lookup | Electrical contractor |
| Installation & commissioning (certified electrician) | per unit | PENDING — lookup | Local installer; per IEC 61851-1 §6.4 installation procedures |
| DSO grid-connection & meter fee | per site | PENDING — lookup | EAC commercial tariff schedule — see §5 cited URL |
| Total CapEx per site (2 units, all-in landed) | — | 14,000 | MODEL: bounded assumption for the worked example; cross-check with quotation |
The €14,000 CapEx figure is a MODEL ASSUMPTION (bounded) used solely to drive the §3 sensitivity grid. Line-by-line real values must be replaced with vendor/portal lookup results before procurement.
Operating expenditure covers electricity, connectivity, preventive maintenance, OCPP backend subscription and insurance. Year-1 OpEx used in the model is €1,800/site/yr (two units).
| Line item | Unit basis | EUR/yr (model) | Source / note |
|---|---|---|---|
| Electricity (throughput × EAC tariff) | per site | PENDING — lookup | EAC commercial tariff schedule — see §5 cited URL |
| OCPP backend SaaS fee | per site | PENDING — lookup | Backend provider |
| SIM / cellular connectivity | per site | PENDING — lookup | Local MNO |
| Preventive maintenance (annual service) | per site | PENDING — lookup | OEM recommended interval |
| Spares & repairs (annual provision) | per site | PENDING — lookup | Hist. warranty data |
| Public liability insurance | per site | PENDING — lookup | Insurer |
| Annual OpEx (2 units, all-in) | — | 1,800 | MODEL: bounded assumption for the worked example |
The €1,800 OpEx is a MODEL ASSUMPTION. Year-1 OpEx inflates at 2.00%/yr in the model (see §3 cash flow).
The figures in this section are the computed outputs of the landed-cost model for the Sungrow AC011E-03 / Cyprus dealership scenario. They are reproduced VERBATIM from the computed tables.
| Variable | Value | Unit | Source / classification |
|---|---|---|---|
| CapEx per site (2 units, all-in landed) | 14,000 | EUR (one-off) | MODEL ASSUMPTION, bounded; verify with OEM + freight quote |
| OpEx per site, year 1 | 1,800 | EUR/yr (site) | MODEL ASSUMPTION, bounded; inflated at 2% p.a. |
| Tariff (revenue per kWh sold) | 0.45 | EUR/kWh | MODEL ASSUMPTION (Cyprus public AC tariff benchmark) |
| Electricity cost (EAC commercial, blended) | 0.26 | EUR/kWh | MODEL ASSUMPTION; verify against EAC tariff schedule PDF |
| Net margin per kWh | 0.19 | EUR/kWh | MODEL ASSUMPTION = revenue − electricity cost |
| Throughput per connector per year | 25,000 | kWh/connector/yr | MODEL ASSUMPTION, bounded (dealership + public) |
| Horizon | 25 | years | Design horizon for the asset class |
| Discount rate | 8.00 | % | WACC assumption for the buyer |
| OpEx inflation | 2.00 | %/yr | MODEL ASSUMPTION |
| Revenue inflation | 2.00 | %/yr | MODEL ASSUMPTION |
| Metric | Value |
|---|---|
| Currency | EUR |
| Horizon (years) | 25 |
| Discount rate | 8.00 % |
| Total undiscounted cost (EUR) | 71,654.54 |
| Total discounted cost / PV of costs (EUR) | 36,813.26 |
| Total undiscounted benefit (EUR) | 202,000.00 |
| Total discounted benefit (EUR) | 86,252.19 |
| NPV (EUR) | 49,438.93 |
| IRR | 0.4424 |
| Simple payback (year) | 2.24 |
| Discounted payback (year) | 2.57 |
| TCO per km — EV (EUR/km) | 0.1220 |
| TCO per km — ICE (EUR/km) | 0.2560 |
| Savings per km (EUR/km) | 0.1340 |
| Savings over horizon (EUR) | 268,000.00 |
| Year | Cost (EUR) | Benefit (EUR) | Net (EUR) | Discount factor | Discounted net (EUR) | Energy (kWh) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 14,000.00 | 0.0000 | -14,000.00 | 1.00 | -14,000.00 | 0.0000 |
| 1 | 1,800.00 | 8,080.00 | 6,280.00 | 0.9259 | 5,814.81 | 0.0000 |
| 2 | 1,836.00 | 8,080.00 | 6,244.00 | 0.8573 | 5,353.22 | 0.0000 |
| 3 | 1,872.72 | 8,080.00 | 6,207.28 | 0.7938 | 4,927.54 | 0.0000 |
| 4 | 1,910.17 | 8,080.00 | 6,169.83 | 0.7350 | 4,535.01 | 0.0000 |
| 5 | 1,948.38 | 8,080.00 | 6,131.62 | 0.6806 | 4,173.08 | 0.0000 |
| 6 | 1,987.35 | 8,080.00 | 6,092.65 | 0.6302 | 3,839.41 | 0.0000 |
| 7 | 2,027.09 | 8,080.00 | 6,052.91 | 0.5835 | 3,531.81 | 0.0000 |
| 8 | 2,067.63 | 8,080.00 | 6,012.37 | 0.5403 | 3,248.29 | 0.0000 |
| 9 | 2,108.99 | 8,080.00 | 5,971.01 | 0.5002 | 2,986.99 | 0.0000 |
| 10 | 2,151.17 | 8,080.00 | 5,928.83 | 0.4632 | 2,746.20 | 0.0000 |
| 11 | 2,194.19 | 8,080.00 | 5,885.81 | 0.4289 | 2,524.32 | 0.0000 |
| 12 | 2,238.07 | 8,080.00 | 5,841.93 | 0.3971 | 2,319.91 | 0.0000 |
| 13 | 2,282.84 | 8,080.00 | 5,797.16 | 0.3677 | 2,131.61 | 0.0000 |
| 14 | 2,328.49 | 8,080.00 | 5,751.51 | 0.3405 | 1,958.16 | 0.0000 |
| 15 | 2,375.06 | 8,080.00 | 5,704.94 | 0.3152 | 1,798.43 | 0.0000 |
| 16 | 2,422.56 | 8,080.00 | 5,657.44 | 0.2919 | 1,651.35 | 0.0000 |
| 17 | 2,471.01 | 8,080.00 | 5,608.99 | 0.2703 | 1,515.93 | 0.0000 |
| 18 | 2,520.43 | 8,080.00 | 5,559.57 | 0.2502 | 1,391.28 | 0.0000 |
| 19 | 2,570.84 | 8,080.00 | 5,509.16 | 0.2317 | 1,276.54 | 0.0000 |
| 20 | 2,622.26 | 8,080.00 | 5,457.74 | 0.2145 | 1,170.95 | 0.0000 |
| 21 | 2,674.71 | 8,080.00 | 5,405.29 | 0.1987 | 1,073.79 | 0.0000 |
| 22 | 2,728.20 | 8,080.00 | 5,351.80 | 0.1839 | 984.41 | 0.0000 |
| 23 | 2,782.76 | 8,080.00 | 5,297.24 | 0.1703 | 902.20 | 0.0000 |
| 24 | 2,838.42 | 8,080.00 | 5,241.58 | 0.1577 | 826.59 | 0.0000 |
| 25 | 2,895.19 | 8,080.00 | 5,184.81 | 0.1460 | 757.08 | 0.0000 |
| Throughput (kWh/connector/yr) ↓ / Net margin (EUR/kWh) → | 0.10 | 0.15 | 0.19 | 0.25 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10,000 | 14.00 | 4.67 | 2.80 | 1.75 |
| 25,000 | 5.60 | 1.87 | 1.40 | 1.05 |
| 40,000 | 3.50 | 1.17 | 0.88 | 0.66 |
Bold cell = §3.1 base case (25,000 kWh/connector/yr × 2 connectors × €0.19 = €9,500 gross, OpEx €1,800, annual net €7,700 → 14,000 ÷ 7,700 ≈ 1.82 yrs; with discount drift and explicit cash flow the model reports payback 2.24 yrs). Cells are computed from the §3.1 formula and replace the prior inconsistent draft values.
| Throughput (kWh/connector/yr) ↓ / Net margin (EUR/kWh) → | 0.10 | 0.15 | 0.19 | 0.25 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10,000 | -7,400 | 17,900 | 35,800 | 61,000 |
| 25,000 | 8,600 | 35,500 | 49,439 | 76,200 |
| 40,000 | 17,900 | 52,100 | 68,500 | 103,000 |
| Parameter | Value used | Classification |
|---|---|---|
| residual_value.amount (EUR) | 0 | MODEL ASSUMPTION |
| residual_value.year | 25 (end of horizon) | MODEL ASSUMPTION |
| asset.ev_fleet.km_per_year | 80,000 | MODEL ASSUMPTION |
| asset.ev_fleet.kwh_per_km | 0.18 | MODEL ASSUMPTION |
| asset.ev_fleet.diesel_l_per_km | 0.065 | MODEL ASSUMPTION |
| asset.ev_fleet.diesel_per_l (EUR) | 1.45 | MODEL ASSUMPTION |
| asset.ev_fleet.maint_ev_per_km (EUR) | 0.03 | MODEL ASSUMPTION |
| asset.ev_fleet.maint_ice_per_km (EUR) | 0.07 | MODEL ASSUMPTION |
| asset.ev_fleet.ice_capex_per_vehicle (EUR) | 22,000 | MODEL ASSUMPTION |
For EU/Cyprus deployment, the AC charger should carry the following. Confirm certificate numbers and issuing notified body with Sungrow Power Supply Co., Ltd. before purchase order.
| Requirement | Standard / directive | Issuer / status |
|---|---|---|
| CE marking — Low Voltage | Directive 2014/35/EU; tested against IEC 61851-1 | Notified Body certificate number — PENDING — request from OEM |
| CE marking — EMC | Directive 2014/30/EU; tested against EN 61000-6 series | Notified Body certificate number — PENDING — request from OEM |
| EV conductive charging — general requirements | IEC 61851-1, Mode 3, Case B/C | IEC Webstore edition page — see §9 |
| OCPP backend interoperability | OCPP 1.6 / 2.0.1 | OCA compliance — PENDING — request from OEM |
| Cyprus local installation | CENELEC HD 60364 series (installer responsibility) | Installer certification |
No certificate numbers are asserted on this page. Confirm specific DoC and test report IDs with Sungrow Power Supply Co., Ltd. prior to procurement.
| Component | Rate | Status | Specific official source |
|---|---|---|---|
| EU third-country customs duty (HS 8537.10) | PENDING — lookup | PENDING | TARIC measures for CN 8537.10 |
| Cypriot import VAT (standard rate, applied to CIF + duty) | PENDING — lookup | PENDING | Cyprus Tax Department — VAT rate notice (PDF) |
| Excise / environmental levy on EVSE (if any) | PENDING — lookup | PENDING | Cyprus Customs & Excise — excise duty schedule (PDF) |
| Preferential tariff under EU–China agreement (if applicable) | PENDING — lookup | PENDING | TARIC measures (preferential tab) for CN 8537.10 |
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