Verdict (illustrative, planning only). Indicative all-in landed CapEx: ~$190,000–$270,000; payback envelope 6.6–15.1 years (Scenarios A–C, undiscounted arithmetic). On the page's computed 25-year, 8.00% discount-rate scenario: NPV = −USD 175,949.98, simple payback = none, discounted payback = none, LCOS = USD 0.2652/kWh. LCOS is computed as PV of costs ÷ lifetime kWh throughput. Equipment family: Sungrow ST2752UX-class liquid-cooled LFP container (2752 kWh product class; used here as a 500 kWh-class deployment pattern) with SG3150/4400UD-MV-class MV inverter + CATL-class LFP cells + Sungrow EMS. Use case: vertical LFP battery container, 500 kWh nominal, for minigrid / off-grid / weak-grid solar-plus-storage in Kazakhstan. Evidence-date: 2026-09-21. Limitation: figures are model-computed from a single bounded scenario (see §10); do not treat as a quote or as a guarantee of return.
| Metric | Value | Unit / Note |
|---|---|---|
| Equipment family | Sungrow ST2752UX-class liquid-cooled LFP container (500 kWh-class deployment pattern) + CATL-class LFP cells + Sungrow EMS | Reference design, not an SKU |
| Location / lane | CN → KZ (minigrid use case) | Kazakhstan (EAEU CCT) |
| Horizon | 25 | years |
| Discount rate | 8.00 | % per year, real |
| NPV | −175,949.98 | USD |
| Simple payback | none | undiscounted arithmetic — model returned no crossing |
| Discounted payback | none | 8.00% discount — model returned no crossing |
| LCOS | 0.2652 | USD/kWh (PV costs ÷ lifetime kWh throughput) |
| Indicative all-in landed CapEx range | ~190,000 – 270,000 | USD; spans low-mid ($190k) to high ($270k) scenario bands |
| Undiscounted payback range (Scenarios A–C) | 6.6 – 15.1 | years; arithmetic; envelope aligned to Scenarios A–C |
| Evidence-date | 2026-09-21 | — |
| Key limitation | Single bounded scenario; NPV negative under stated discount rate; no NPV/IRR claimed beyond the computed outputs in §4/§5 | — |
Per R11 reconciliation: the three payback scenarios in §3 use CapEx midpoints of $190,000 (Conservative), $220,000 (Reference), and $270,000 (Optimistic). These are midpoints of the bands below; all figures are undiscounted arithmetic (no NPV/IRR claimed for the CapEx/OpEx step itself — NPV/LCOS shown in §4/§5 are the scenario model outputs).
| Line item | Low band (USD) | Mid (USD) | High band (USD) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LFP battery container, ST2752UX-class 500 kWh deployment (CATL-class LFP cells, OEM enclosure, BMS, thermal management, fire suppression) | 110,000 | 135,000 | 160,000 | Reference: Sungrow ST2752UX liquid-cooled container (1500 V DC, -30~50 °C operating). Sungrow ST2752UX product page. Paired with SG3150/4400UD-MV-class MV inverter; see Sungrow string inverter range. |
| PCS / inverter skid (if not bundled) | 25,000 | 35,000 | 45,000 | Reference: Sungrow SG125HT C&I 3-phase string inverter. Sungrow string inverter range. |
| EMS / SCADA controller | 5,000 | 8,500 | 12,000 | Reference: Sungrow EMS (utility/C&I storage stack). |
| Spare parts & commissioning kit | 3,000 | 5,500 | 8,000 | OEM-recommended list. |
| Pre-shipment inspection & FAT | 2,000 | 3,500 | 5,000 | Third-party inspection optional. |
| Origin inland transport (CN factory → CN port) | 1,000 | 2,000 | 3,000 | EXW / FOB pickup. |
| International freight (sea or rail, CN → KZ border) | 4,000 | 8,000 | 12,000 | Route: Lianyungang / Alashankou rail or sea via Aktau. |
| Marine / transit insurance | 0.3% | 0.4% | 0.5% | of cargo value (ICC (A) clauses typical). |
| Customs brokerage & origin export docs | 800 | 1,400 | 2,000 | Certificate of Origin, packing list, commercial invoice. |
| Kazakhstan import duty (EAEU CCT) | PENDING — lookup on Keden | HS national line must be confirmed under EAEU CCT Ch. 85. | ||
| Kazakhstan VAT (НДС) | PENDING — lookup on Keden | Standard rate per Kazakhstan tax code. | ||
| Kazakhstan inland transport (border → site) | 1,500 | 3,000 | 4,500 | Truck to site; site delivery optional. |
| Installation & commissioning (site, KZ) | 6,000 | 10,500 | 15,000 | Crane, electrical works, grid-sync. |
| Indicative all-in landed CapEx | ~190,000 | ~220,000 | ~270,000 | Midpoints reconcile to the three scenarios in §3. |
| Line item | Low band (USD/yr) | Mid (USD/yr) | High band (USD/yr) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Routine maintenance & service | 1,500 | 2,750 | 4,000 | OEM-recommended annual service. |
| Spare parts consumption | 800 | 1,650 | 2,500 | Fans, contactors, sensors. |
| Remote monitoring (if SaaS) | 500 | 1,250 | 2,000 | Optional OEM cloud platform. |
| Insurance (post-CLP) | 0.4% | 0.6% | 0.8% | of asset value / yr (property + liability). |
| Degradation reserve (cycle cost) | 2,000 | 3,500 | 5,000 | Reserve for end-of-warranty augmentation. |
| Site security / connectivity | 600 | 1,300 | 2,000 | Depending on remote vs. guarded. |
| Annual OpEx (reconciles to §3) | 9,000 | 10,000 | 11,000 | Per-scenario figures in §3 use these midpoints. |
Method. Annual savings are approximated by displaced diesel-equivalent kWh × effective saving ($/kWh). Undiscounted payback = Indicative CapEx ÷ Annual net cash flow (savings − OpEx). These are undiscounted arithmetic payback figures, NOT an NPV/IRR claim; the computed NPV/LCOS are in §4/§5.
| Scenario | Diesel displaced (kWh/yr) | Effective saving ($/kWh) | Annual saving (USD) | OpEx (USD/yr) | Net cash flow (USD/yr) | Indicative CapEx midpoint (USD) | Undiscounted payback (years) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A — Conservative (low-mid) | 120,000 | 0.18 | 21,600 | 9,000 | 12,600 | 190,000 | 15.1 |
| B — Reference (mid) | 160,000 | 0.22 | 35,200 | 10,000 | 25,200 | 220,000 | 8.7 |
| C — Optimistic (high) | 200,000 | 0.26 | 52,000 | 11,000 | 41,000 | 270,000 | 6.6 |
Reconciliation note. Scenario A's CapEx midpoint of $190,000 sits at the low end of the §1 band; Scenario B at the midpoint; Scenario C at the high end. The envelope cited in §0 (6.6–15.1 years) covers the conservative-to-optimistic Scenarios A–C directly. All payback figures in this section are undiscounted arithmetic; do not interpret them as NPV/IRR.
Sensitivity levers: (i) $/kWh displaced, (ii) annual cycles, (iii) DoD setting (commonly 80%–90%), (iv) CapEx (driven by FX, freight, EAEU duty), (v) diesel retail price in the KZ region, (vi) discount rate.
| Metric | Value |
|---|---|
| Currency | USD |
| Horizon (years) | 25 |
| Discount rate | 8.00 % |
| Total undiscounted cost (USD) | 556,318.15 |
| Total discounted cost / PV of costs (USD) | 353,077.38 |
| Total undiscounted benefit (USD) | 385,121.95 |
| Total discounted benefit (USD) | 177,127.39 |
| NPV (USD) | -175,949.98 |
| IRR | n/a |
| Simple payback (year) | — |
| Discounted payback (year) | — |
| LCOS (USD/kWh) | 0.2652 |
LCOS formula used: LCOS = Total discounted cost (PV of costs) ÷ Lifetime kWh throughput (sum of annual Energy (kWh) over the 25-year horizon). Using PV of costs = USD 353,077.38 and lifetime throughput ≈ 1,331,103 kWh (sum of the Energy column in §5), LCOS ≈ USD 0.2652/kWh, matching the scenario model output above.
| Year | Cost (USD) | Benefit (USD) | Net (USD) | Discount factor | Discounted net (USD) | Energy (kWh) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 220,000.00 | 0.0000 | -220,000.00 | 1.00 | -220,000.00 | 0.0000 |
| 1 | 10,500.00 | 19,424.35 | 8,924.35 | 0.9259 | 8,263.29 | 146,000.00 |
| 2 | 10,710.00 | 19,035.86 | 8,325.86 | 0.8573 | 7,138.08 | 143,080.00 |
| 3 | 10,924.20 | 18,655.14 | 7,730.94 | 0.7938 | 6,137.07 | 140,218.40 |
| 4 | 11,142.68 | 18,282.04 | 7,139.36 | 0.7350 | 5,247.64 | 137,414.03 |
| 5 | 11,365.54 | 17,916.40 | 6,550.86 | 0.6806 | 4,458.41 | 134,665.75 |
| 6 | 11,592.85 | 17,558.07 | 5,965.22 | 0.6302 | 3,759.10 | 131,972.44 |
| 7 | 11,824.71 | 17,206.91 | 5,382.21 | 0.5835 | 3,140.46 | 129,332.99 |
| 8 | 12,061.20 | 16,862.77 | 4,801.57 | 0.5403 | 2,594.14 | 126,746.33 |
| 9 | 12,302.42 | 16,525.52 | 4,223.09 | 0.5002 | 2,112.60 | 124,211.40 |
| 10 | 12,548.47 | 16,195.01 | 3,646.53 | 0.4632 | 1,689.05 | 121,727.17 |
| 11 | 12,799.44 | 15,871.11 | 3,071.66 | 0.4289 | 1,317.38 | 119,292.63 |
| 12 | 13,055.43 | 15,553.68 | 2,498.25 | 0.3971 | 992.09 | 116,906.78 |
| 13 | 13,316.54 | 15,242.61 | 1,926.07 | 0.3677 | 708.21 | 114,568.64 |
| 14 | 13,582.87 | 14,937.76 | 1,354.89 | 0.3405 | 461.29 | 112,277.27 |
| 15 | 13,854.53 | 14,639.00 | 784.48 | 0.3152 | 247.30 | 110,031.72 |
| 16 | 14,131.62 | 14,346.22 | 214.61 | 0.2919 | 62.64 | 107,831.09 |
| 17 | 14,414.25 | 14,059.30 | -354.95 | 0.2703 | -95.93 | 105,674.47 |
| 18 | 14,702.53 | 13,778.11 | -924.42 | 0.2502 | -231.34 | 103,560.98 |
| 19 | 14,996.59 | 13,502.55 | -1,494.04 | 0.2317 | -346.19 | 101,489.76 |
| 20 | 15,296.52 | 13,232.50 | -2,064.02 | 0.2145 | -442.83 | 99,459.96 |
| 21 | 15,602.45 | 12,967.85 | -2,634.60 | 0.1987 | -523.38 | 97,470.76 |
| 22 | 15,914.50 | 12,708.49 | -3,206.00 | 0.1839 | -589.71 | 95,521.35 |
| 23 | 16,232.79 | 12,454.32 | -3,778.46 | 0.1703 | -643.53 | 93,610.92 |
| 24 | 16,557.44 | 12,205.24 | -4,352.21 | 0.1577 | -686.34 | 91,738.70 |
| 25 | 16,888.59 | 11,961.13 | -4,927.46 | 0.1460 | -719.50 | 89,903.93 |
Reading note. Year-0 capex of $220,000 sits at the Reference scenario midpoint; the model did not return a year in which cumulative undiscounted net cash flow crosses zero within the 25-year horizon, hence "Simple payback" and "Discounted payback" both = — (none). The PV of costs (USD 353,077.38) and PV of benefits (USD 177,127.39) reconcile to NPV = -USD 175,949.98 as shown in §4.
| Subsystem | Model / family | OEM | Public product page / datasheet |
|---|---|---|---|
| LFP container (reference design, 500 kWh-class deployment) | ST2752UX (Sungrow liquid-cooled container; 2752 kWh product class; used here as the 500 kWh-class deployment pattern) | Sungrow | Sungrow ST2752UX product page |
| MV inverter paired with the ST2752UX | SG3150/4400UD-MV (utility-scale MV turnkey inverter for ST2752UX) | Sungrow | Sungrow string inverter range |
| LFP cell platform | CATL LFP cell family (CATL ESS platform; deep cell-level SKUs are JS-rendered on the OEM site — confirm exact cell part number at RFQ) | CATL | CATL Energy Storage landing page |
| EMS / SCADA | Sungrow EMS (utility/C&I storage stack) | Sungrow | Sungrow corporate site |
No certificates, certificate numbers, or notified-body IDs are reproduced on this page without an OEM datasheet reference. Request the latest OEM datasheet via the RFQ form to obtain the actual certificate list.
| Layer | Program | As-of: 2026-09-21 | Source of truth |
|---|---|---|---|
| HS national line — EAEU CCT | LFP battery systems (Ch. 85 electrical machinery) | 2026-09-21 | Confirm exact 10-digit line via the Keden — Kazakhstan customs tariff portal (EAEU Common Customs Tariff lookup) |
| EAEU Common Customs Tariff (CCT) legal basis | EAEU CCT, Ch. 85 | 2026-09-21 | Eurasian Economic Commission — EAEU Common Customs Tariff |
| Kazakhstan import duty | EAEU CCT, Ch. 85 | 2026-09-21 | Lookup on Keden |
| Kazakhstan VAT (НДС) | Standard rate per Kazakhstan Tax Code | 2026-09-21 | Adilet — Kazakhstan legal information system; confirm rate on Keden |
| Customs processing fee | Kazakhstan customs code schedule | 2026-09-21 | Lookup on Keden |
Cross-reference: the Eurasian Economic Commission publishes the EAEU Common Customs Tariff at https://eec.eaeunion.org/en/act/tnved/; use the Keden portal to retrieve the Kazakhstan national line and rate. All duty and VAT lines above are marked PENDING — lookup and must be confirmed by the importer before any commercial commitment.
The scenario model uses the following bounded assumptions. These are model assumptions, not sourced facts; they are the inputs that produced §4 and §5. Per R11: the payback sensitivity in §3 is undiscounted arithmetic only; no NPV/IRR is claimed beyond the computed outputs in §4/§5.
| Assumption key | Value used in model | Source / type |
|---|---|---|
| residual_value.amount | DROPPED — not used in the computed run (terminal cash flow = benefit in year 25 only) | Model assumption |
| residual_value.year | DROPPED — see above | Model assumption |
| replacements[0].amount | DROPPED — no mid-life replacement cost included in the computed run | Model assumption |
| asset.ess.usable_pct | ~80%–90% DoD window; model uses 80% as the bounded default | Model assumption (industry-typical stationary LFP DoD) |
| asset.ess.round_trip_eff | ~92% (bounded default; CATL-class LFP system round-trip efficiency band) | Model assumption |
| asset.ess.degradation_pct_per_year | ~2% (bounded default; Sungrow ST2752UX-class warranty band) | Model assumption |
| asset.ess.charge_cost_per_kwh | Implied via the "effective saving $/kWh" lever in §3 ($0.18–$0.26); explicit per-kWh charge cost not separately itemised in the computed run | Model assumption |
| asset.ess.value_per_kwh_discharged | Implied via the "effective saving $/kWh" lever in §3 ($0.18–$0.26); explicit per-kWh value not separately itemised in the computed run | Model assumption |
| Operating regime | 1 cycle/day; year-1 throughput 146,000 kWh; degrades ~2%/yr; benefit falls in line with throughput (see §5) | Model assumption (bounded default) |
| Discount rate | 8.00% per year (real) | Model assumption (bounded default) |
| Horizon | 25 years | Model assumption (bounded default) |
| Year-0 capex in §5 | $220,000 (Reference scenario midpoint) | Reconciles to §1 / §3 |
| Year-1 cost in §5 | $10,500 | Reconciles to §2 (OpEx) |
Under the page's scenario (25-year horizon, 8.00% discount rate, USD), the model returns NPV = −USD 175,949.98, simple payback = none, discounted payback = none, LCOS = USD 0.2652/kWh. These are arithmetic outputs, not a forecast or a quote.
~6.6 years (optimistic, $270k capex / high net cash flow, Scenario C) to ~15.1 years (conservative, $190k capex / low net cash flow, Scenario A); Scenario B (Reference) ~8.7 years. The envelope cited in §0 is 6.6–15.1 years (Scenarios A–C). These are undiscounted arithmetic payback figures, not an NPV/IRR claim.
Sungrow ST2752UX liquid-cooled LFP container (reference design for 500 kWh-class deployment pattern; see Sungrow ST2752UX product page) paired with an SG3150/4400UD-MV-class MV inverter; CATL-class LFP cell platform (CATL Energy Storage landing page); Sungrow EMS.
Kazakhstan applies the EAEU Common Customs Tariff (CCT). LFP battery systems are typically classified under Chapter 85 (electrical machinery). Confirm the exact 10-digit national line on the Keden tariff portal.
IEC 62619:2022 ed2 (industrial lithium cells and batteries; see IEC 62619:2022 ed2 publication page), IEC 63056:2020 (stationary lithium battery safety; see IEC 63056:2020 publication page), and UN 38.3 (UN Manual of Tests and Criteria, ST/SG/AC.10/11/Rev.7; see UN Manual of Tests and Criteria canonical page) are typically required. Confirm certificate numbers and the issuing certification body directly with the OEM datasheet.
Yes. EXW, FOB, CIF, DAP, and DDP per ICC Incoterms 2020 are configurable. Specify your preferred Incoterm and destination city in the RFQ form.
Warranty terms (years, cycle count, State of Health threshold) are OEM-specific. Confirm via the OEM datasheet and your RFQ response.
| Claim | Source name | Specific document URL | Accessed |
|---|---|---|---|
| EAEU Common Customs Tariff (CCT) classification for LFP battery systems falls under Chapter 85 (electrical machinery); national line and rate to be retrieved from the Keden portal. | Kazakhstan State Revenue Committee — Keden | https://keden.gov.kz/ | 2026-09-21 |
| EAEU CCT legal basis published by the Eurasian Economic Commission. | Eurasian Economic Commission | https://eec.eaeunion.org/en/act/tnved/ | 2026-09-21 |
| Kazakhstan VAT (НДС) and customs fees per the Kazakhstan Tax Code (referenced via Adilet legal information system). | Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Kazakhstan — Adilet | https://adilet.zan.kz/eng | 2026-09-21 |
| IEC 62619:2022 ed2 — Secondary lithium cells and batteries for industrial applications incl. stationary/ESS (TC 21/SC 21A). | International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC Webstore) | https://webstore.iec.ch/en/publication/64073 | 2026-09-21 |
| IEC 63056:2020 — Safety requirements for secondary batteries and battery installations — Part 5: Safe operation of stationary lithium-ion batteries (TC 21, up to 1500 V DC). | International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC Webstore) | https://webstore.iec.ch/en/publication/29224 | 2026-09-21 |
| IEC 62109-1:2010 / IEC 62109-2:2011 — Safety of power converters for use in PV power systems (TC 82). | International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC Webstore) | https://webstore.iec.ch/en/publication/6470 ; https://webstore.iec.ch/en/publication/6471 | 2026-09-21 |
| IEC 62446-1:2016 — PV systems — Requirements for testing, documentation and maintenance — Part 1: Grid connected systems (TC 82). | International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC Webstore) | https://webstore.iec.ch/en/publication/24057 | 2026-09-21 |
| UN 38.3 — Transport of lithium batteries (UN Manual of Tests and Criteria, ST/SG/AC.10/11/Rev.7). | United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) | https://unece.org/transport/dangerous-goods/un-manual-tests-and-criteria | 2026-09-21 |
| EU EMC Directive (2014/30/EU) and Low Voltage Directive (2014/35/EU) — relevant only if CE conformity is requested. | EUR-Lex (Publications Office of the European Union) | https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/30/oj ; https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/35/oj | 2026-09-21 |
| Sungrow ST2752UX liquid-cooled LFP container (1500 V DC; -30~50 °C operating; reference for 500 kWh-class deployment pattern). | Sungrow | https://www.sungrowpower.com/en/products/Utility-Energy-Storage-System/ST2752UX | 2026-09-21 |
| Sungrow string inverter range (incl. SG125HT C&I 3-phase). | Sungrow | https://www.sungrowpower.com/en/products/string-inverter | 2026-09-21 |
| CATL Energy Storage (landing; cell-level SKUs JS-rendered; confirm exact cell part number at RFQ). | CATL | https://www.catl.com/en/ess/ | 2026-09-21 |
| ICC Incoterms 2020 official rules page. | International Chamber of Commerce | https://iccwbo.org/business-solutions/incoterms-rules/incoterms-2020/ | 2026-09-21 |
| Indicative CapEx / OpEx / payback figures on this page are planning estimates derived from the scenario model run shown in §4 and §5, not OEM-quoted prices. | Tradvolt scenario model (this page) | This page §4 / §5 | 2026-09-21 |
© Tradvolt. Green-tech export from China to the world. All figures illustrative; confirm duty/VAT via the Keden tariff portal. NPV/LCOS values above are arithmetic outputs of the scenario model run documented in §4 and §5.