Verdict (TL;DR)
Decision: NO-GO. Over a 15-year horizon at a 7.00% discount rate, the 1 MWh / 0.5 MW LFP cabinet + PCS casino ESS in the EU yields NPV = −440,971.24 EUR, with no simple payback, no discounted payback, and LCOS = 0.3103 EUR/kWh. Equipment: LFP cabinet battery + 0.5 MW PCS (exact OEM family cited in §3). Location: EU casino resort (Member-State-specific duty applied at import). Horizon: 15 years. Discount rate: 7.00%. Evidence date: 2026-09-22. Limitation: numbers are produced by the COMPUTED TABLES in §4 and are computed; only the input rows in §3 may vary by site and must be re-priced at RFQ.
| Metric | Value |
|---|---|
| Equipment | 1 MWh LFP cabinet BESS + 0.5 MW PCS |
| Location | EU casino resort |
| Horizon | 15 years |
| Discount rate (WACC) | 7.00 % |
| NPV (EUR) | -440,971.24 |
| IRR | -0.0818 |
| Simple payback | None (negative cumulative net across the 15-year horizon) |
| Discounted payback | None |
| LCOS (EUR/kWh) | 0.3103 |
| Verdict | NO-GO at base assumptions |
| Evidence date | 2026-09-22 |
1. Use-case framing
The use case is a casino-resort-class BESS sized for the gaming-floor and hotel HVAC peak window, with legally mandated standby chain overlap and a small day/night arbitrage component. The reference architecture is a single LFP cabinet container (1 MWh nameplate, 0.5 MW continuous, 2-hour duration, 92% round-trip efficiency, 90% DoD, 330 equivalent full cycles/yr, 15-year calendar life) paired with a 0.5 MW bidirectional PCS. Real, publicly marketed candidate products (chosen at RFQ against site constraints) include:
- CATL EnerC — liquid-cooled LFP container (CATL ESS product family: https://www.catl.com/en/ess/); datasheet confirmed at RFQ.
- Sungrow PowerTitan — LFP cabinet BESS (Sungrow ESS family: https://www.sungrowpower.com/en); datasheet confirmed at RFQ.
- EVE Energy LF280K / LF304 LFP prismatic cells used in third-party EU cabinets (EVE ESS cells: https://www.evebattery.com/en); cell datasheet confirmed at RFQ.
- PCS family (0.5 MW): Sungrow SC50HV / SC60HV or Growatt WIT series, datasheets confirmed at RFQ.
The 1 MWh / 0.5 MW sizing and the casino-resort load class are the binding inputs. Specific model and OEM manual revision are confirmed at RFQ from the candidate families above.
2. Assumptions (bounded model defaults)
The COMPUTED TABLES in §4 use the following bounded defaults. Where a row is not directly grounded in an allow-listed public source, it is flagged as a model assumption. No additional financial figures beyond the COMPUTED TABLES are asserted on this page.
| Input | Value | Unit | Source / grounding |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nameplate capacity | 1.0 | MWh | Model assumption: 1 MWh reference design |
| Continuous power | 0.5 | MW | Model assumption: 2-hour duration |
| Round-trip efficiency | 92 | % | Model assumption (consistent with publicly marketed LFP cabinet round-trip figures) |
| Depth of discharge (DoD) | 90 | % | Model assumption |
| Equivalent full cycles / year | 330 | cycles/yr | Model assumption: casino duty-cycle |
| Calendar life | 15 | years | Model assumption |
| Turnkey CAPEX | 650,000 | EUR | Model assumption: EU price band Q4-2025 (to be re-priced against OEM quote) |
| Fixed OPEX, year 1 | 9,750.00 | EUR/yr | Model assumption (1.5% of CAPEX) |
| OPEX escalation | 2.0 | %/yr | Model assumption: opex.escalation_pct |
| ESS degradation | 2.0 | %/yr | Model assumption: asset.ess.degradation_pct_per_year |
| Residual value, end of year 15 | 0 | EUR | Model assumption: residual_value.amount; residual_value.year = 15 |
| Discount rate (WACC) | 7.00 | % | Model assumption: EU bankability benchmark |
| Horizon | 15 | years | Model assumption |
| EU grid tariff peak (informational only — not a cost line in COMPUTED TABLES) | 0.28 | EUR/kWh | Eurostat — electricity prices for non-household consumers, semi-annual dataset (used for context only) |
| EU grid tariff off-peak (informational only) | 0.14 | EUR/kWh | Eurostat — electricity prices for non-household consumers, semi-annual dataset |
| Diesel price (informational only) | 1.40 | EUR/L | European Commission weekly oil bulletin (EU diesel pump band) |
Sources used elsewhere on this page (datasheet lookup paths only — no rate asserted as fact):
- Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 — EU Battery Regulation (official publication page).
- EU TARIC consultation — HS/duty lookup tool.
- IEC Webstore — catalogue (cite with IEC designation + year in text).
- UN Manual of Tests and Criteria — UN 38.3 lithium battery provisions; ST/SG/AC.10/11/Rev.7.
3. Equipment and standards (pro-page limits)
| Item | Identification | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| ESS cabinet family | 1 MWh LFP cabinet (candidates: CATL EnerC, Sungrow PowerTitan, EVE-based EU cabinet) | Specific model + OEM manual revision confirmed at RFQ; landing pages: CATL ESS, Sungrow, EVE Energy. |
| PCS family | 0.5 MW bidirectional PCS (candidates: Sungrow SC50HV / SC60HV, Growatt WIT series) | Specific model + OEM manual revision confirmed at RFQ. |
| SOC window | 10%–100% (90% DoD) | Per OEM datasheet, confirmed at RFQ. |
| DC voltage window (PCS) | Per OEM datasheet at RFQ | Specific window confirmed at RFQ. |
| Cell safety standard | IEC 62619 (Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes — Safety requirements for secondary lithium cells and batteries, for use in industrial applications) | Catalogue page: IEC Webstore; full designation IEC 62619:2022 cited at RFQ. |
| Grid-integrated ESS | IEC 62933 series (Electrical energy storage (EES) systems) | Catalogue page: IEC Webstore; specific part number cited at RFQ. |
| Transport (UN 38.3) | UN Manual of Tests and Criteria, ST/SG/AC.10/11/Rev.7, §7.3 (lithium battery provisions) | |
| EU market access | CE marking; EU Battery Regulation 2023/1542 (carbon footprint, recycled content, due diligence — phased) | Source: Regulation (EU) 2023/1542. |
4. COMPUTED TABLES (computed)
| Metric | Value |
|---|---|
| Currency | EUR |
| Horizon (years) | 15 |
| Discount rate | 7.00 % |
| Total undiscounted cost (EUR) | 818,610.81 |
| Total discounted cost / PV of costs (EUR) | 749,878.10 |
| Total undiscounted benefit (EUR) | 496,252.68 |
| Total discounted benefit (EUR) | 308,906.86 |
| NPV (EUR) | -440,971.24 |
| IRR | -0.0818 |
| Simple payback (year) | — |
| Discounted payback (year) | — |
| LCOS (EUR/kWh) | 0.3103 |
| Year | Cost (EUR) | Benefit (EUR) | Net (EUR) | Discount factor | Discounted net (EUR) | Energy (kWh) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 650,000.00 | 0.0000 | -650,000.00 | 1.00 | -650,000.00 | 0.0000 |
| 1 | 9,750.00 | 37,964.35 | 28,214.35 | 0.9346 | 26,368.55 | 297,000.00 |
| 2 | 9,945.00 | 37,205.06 | 27,260.06 | 0.8734 | 23,809.99 | 291,060.00 |
| 3 | 10,143.90 | 36,460.96 | 26,317.06 | 0.8163 | 21,482.56 | 285,238.80 |
| 4 | 10,346.78 | 35,731.74 | 25,384.96 | 0.7629 | 19,366.07 | 279,534.02 |
| 5 | 10,553.71 | 35,017.11 | 24,463.39 | 0.7130 | 17,442.06 | 273,943.34 |
| 6 | 10,764.79 | 34,316.76 | 23,551.98 | 0.6663 | 15,693.68 | 268,464.48 |
| 7 | 10,980.08 | 33,630.43 | 22,650.34 | 0.6227 | 14,105.50 | 263,095.19 |
| 8 | 11,199.69 | 32,957.82 | 21,758.13 | 0.5820 | 12,663.43 | 257,833.28 |
| 9 | 11,423.68 | 32,298.66 | 20,874.98 | 0.5439 | 11,354.61 | 252,676.62 |
| 10 | 11,652.15 | 31,652.69 | 20,000.54 | 0.5083 | 10,167.26 | 247,623.09 |
| 11 | 11,885.20 | 31,019.64 | 19,134.44 | 0.4751 | 9,090.63 | 242,670.62 |
| 12 | 12,122.90 | 30,399.24 | 18,276.34 | 0.4440 | 8,114.92 | 237,817.21 |
| 13 | 12,365.36 | 29,791.26 | 17,425.90 | 0.4150 | 7,231.13 | 233,060.87 |
| 14 | 12,612.66 | 29,195.43 | 16,582.77 | 0.3878 | 6,431.08 | 228,399.65 |
| 15 | 12,864.92 | 28,611.52 | 15,746.61 | 0.3624 | 5,707.29 | 223,831.66 |
5. Tariff / HS-code block (rates NOT asserted)
| HS code (CN) | Description | Duty rate |
|---|---|---|
| 8507.60 | Lithium-ion accumulators (cells/modules) | PENDING — verify with TARIC at order date |
| 8504.40 | Static converters (PCS) | PENDING — verify with TARIC at order date |
| 8537.10 | Boards/panels for electric control (BMS, switchgear) | PENDING — verify with TARIC at order date |
| 9405.41 / 9406 | Enclosures / containers | PENDING — verify with TARIC at order date |
How to look up the live EU duty: open the EU TARIC consultation, enter the 8-digit CN code above, add the destination Member State and country of origin, and quote only what the tool returns. Rates on this page are marked PENDING and are not asserted as fact.
Disclaimer: TradVolt does not assert any duty rate as fact. The importer of record is responsible for final classification and for verifying the live TARIC rate at the time of import. Nothing on this page constitutes customs or tax advice.
6. CTAs
- Request a single RFQ for a 1 MWh casino ESS: /rfq/ (site path only).