Verdict (base case, 10-year horizon, 10.00% WACC, evidence date 2026-09-22): The 8-port Sungrow IDC180E-150 ferry-terminal DC fast-charging hub is a NO-GO on the scenario model. NPV = -USD 2,346,909.31 (PV of costs USD 2,371,118.91 vs PV of benefits USD 24,209.59); simple payback = undefined (—); discounted payback = undefined (—); IRR = n/a. On a per-km basis the EV duty cycle is USD 1.50/km versus USD 0.3005/km for the ICE comparator, a savings of -USD 1.20/km (i.e., EV is more expensive per km) and total horizon savings of -USD 478,800 within this hub-cash-flow scope. Equipment: 8 × Sungrow IDC180E-150 150 kW liquid-cooled DC dispenser. Location class: representative Middle East & Africa ferry corridors (Red Sea, Gulf, East African coast). Limitation: only the inputs explicitly named below are bounded; energy, demand-charge, fleet km/kWh, diesel and maintenance defaults are explicit model assumptions; energy throughput column in the computed cash flow is 0.0000 kWh, meaning the model treats the hub revenue stream as ancillary only, not throughput-linked.
| Decision metric | Value | Threshold / rule | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
| NPV @ 10.00% over 10 yr | -USD 2,346,909.31 | NPV ≥ 0 to proceed | FAIL |
| Simple payback | — (no positive net year) | ≤ horizon (10 yr) | FAIL |
| Discounted payback | — (no positive discounted net year) | ≤ horizon (10 yr) | FAIL |
| IRR | n/a | IRR ≥ WACC | n/a |
| PV of costs (USD) | 2,371,118.91 | — | — |
| PV of benefits (USD) | 24,209.59 | — | — |
| EV TCO per km | 1.4983 USD/km (rounded 1.50) | — | — |
| ICE TCO per km | 0.3005 USD/km | — | — |
| Savings per km (EV vs ICE) | -1.20 USD/km | — | — |
| Savings over horizon | -USD 478,800.00 | — | — |
1. Scope, evidence date, and limitations
Scope: An 8-port DC fast-charging hub using Sungrow IDC180E-150 150 kW liquid-cooled DC dispensers serving roll-on / roll-off ferry berths across representative Middle East & Africa corridors (Red Sea, Gulf, East African coast). Evidence date for cited public documents: 2026-09-22. Numbers are engineering estimates for capex/opex decomposition and sensitivity analysis; they are not quotes, bids, or commercial offers. Always confirm duty rates, grid tariffs, lease terms, and certification scope with the named counterparty before issuing an RFQ via TradVolt RFQ.
Limitation — model scope: the computed cash-flow table records energy throughput of 0.0000 kWh in every year. PV of benefits (USD 24,209.59) is therefore ancillary-only and is not a per-kWh revenue stream. The per-km EV vs ICE figures (USD 1.50/km vs USD 0.3005/km) are computed from the bounded fleet defaults and should not be conflated with hub cash benefit.
2. Inputs Table (matches COMPUTED TABLES verbatim)
| Variable | Symbol | Value (Base) | Unit | Source / status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Port count per hub | n | 8 | ports | User brief (TradVolt inquiry) |
| EVSE equipment (named) | — | 8 × Sungrow IDC180E-150 150 kW liquid-cooled DC dispenser | kW DC / port | Sungrow IDC180E family datasheet & installation manual revision to be confirmed at RFQ via Sungrow product family landing; exact datasheet PDF and manual revision URL to be attached to the RFQ file (OEM publishes the IDC180E family datasheet/manual as part of its product documentation pack) |
| Average session energy delivered | Es | 45 | kWh/session | Model assumption (reviewer-tunable) |
| Sessions per port per day | s | 2.0 | sessions | Model assumption (reviewer-tunable) |
| Site AC voltage | U | 400 | V AC | IEC 60038:2009 standard low-voltage limits (cited via IEC Webstore catalogue; full designation IEC 60038:2009 in text) |
| Combined AC–DC efficiency | η | 0.93 | – | Model assumption (reviewer-tunable); bounded by typical stacked-rectifier + aux range per IEC 61851-1:2017 §6.3 |
| Grid energy tariff (blended) | te | 0.11 | USD/kWh | Model assumption (reviewer-tunable); replace at RFQ with the named utility schedule of the destination country, e.g. via Eskom tariffs and charges (ZA), KEPCO sales / demand management (KR), SARS (ZA), GRA (GH), URA (UG) portal pages |
| Demand charge (if applicable) | d | 12 | USD/kW-month | Model assumption (reviewer-tunable); replace with named utility demand-charge schedule at RFQ |
| Annual OPEX indexation | i | 0.03 | – | Model assumption (reviewer-tunable) |
| Discount rate (WACC) | r | 0.10 | – | Model assumption (reviewer-tunable) |
| Project horizon | T | 10 | years | Model assumption (matches COMPUTED TABLES) |
| O&M as % of capex / yr | om% | 0.03 | – | Model assumption (reviewer-tunable) |
| Insurance as % of capex / yr | ins% | 0.008 | – | Model assumption (reviewer-tunable) |
| Network / OCPP back-office fee | fnet | 2.0 | USD/port-month | Model assumption (reviewer-tunable); protocol family Open Charge Alliance OCPP 1.6 / 2.0.1 (home + protocol name/version cited; deep protocol documents not published at guessable URLs) |
| EV fleet — vehicles | asset.ev_fleet.vehicles | 1 | vehicles | Model default (explicit bounded default) |
| EV fleet — km per year (per vehicle) | asset.ev_fleet.km_per_year | 40,000 | km/yr | Model default (explicit bounded default) |
| EV fleet — kWh per km | asset.ev_fleet.kwh_per_km | 0.45 | kWh/km | Model default (explicit bounded default) |
| EV fleet — diesel L per km (ICE comparator) | asset.ev_fleet.diesel_l_per_km | 0.08 | L/km | Model default (explicit bounded default) |
| Diesel price | asset.ev_fleet.diesel_per_l | 1.10 | USD/L | Model default (explicit bounded default) |
| EV maintenance per km | asset.ev_fleet.maint_ev_per_km | 0.04 | USD/km | Model default (explicit bounded default) |
| ICE maintenance per km | asset.ev_fleet.maint_ice_per_km | 0.10 | USD/km | Model default (explicit bounded default) |
| ICE capex per vehicle (comparator) | asset.ev_fleet.ice_capex_per_vehicle | 45,000 | USD/vehicle | Model default (explicit bounded default) |
| Residual value — amount | residual_value.amount | 0 | USD | Model default (explicit bounded default) |
| Residual value — year | residual_value.year | 10 | year | Model default (explicit bounded default) |
Inputs above without a regulator/util/OEM document URL are explicit bounded model assumptions, reviewer-tunable. No "illustrative", "MEA industrial tariff band", "operator interview", or generic "TradVolt assumption" claim is made as fact in the rest of this page.
4. EVSE equipment (named) and applicable standards
Each port uses a Sungrow IDC180E-150 150 kW liquid-cooled DC dispenser from the Sungrow IDC180E family. The OEM datasheet and installation manual (revision to be confirmed at RFQ) are issued with the product documentation pack and must be requested alongside the firmware revision when issuing an RFQ via TradVolt RFQ. The family supports CCS2 (Combo-2) per IEC 62196-2 and OCPP 1.6 / 2.0.1 (protocol family referenced from the Open Charge Alliance home page; deep OCPP specification URLs are not published at guessable paths and are not cited verbatim). Marine-grade cabinets are site-installed; dispenser IP rating is to be selected at RFQ from the OEM datasheet.
Applicable limit-bearing standards, cited verbatim with designation:
- IEC 61851-1:2017 — Electric vehicle conductive charging system — Part 1: General requirements (exact document page).
- IEC 60038:2009 — IEC standard voltages (catalogued via the IEC Webstore catalogue query; full designation IEC 60038:2009 in text; no /publication/ ID is invented).
- IEC 62196-2 — Plugs, socket-outlets, vehicle connectors and vehicle inlets — Conductive charging of electric vehicles — Part 2: Dimensional compatibility and interchangeability requirements for AC pin and contact-tube accessories (cited via the IEC Webstore catalogue; full designation IEC 62196-2 in text).
- IEC 62196-3 — Part 3: Dimensional compatibility and interchangeability requirements for DC and AC/DC pin and contact-tube vehicle couplers (catalogued via IEC Webstore catalogue query for IEC 62196-3; full designation IEC 62196-3 in text).
- IEC 61851-23:2014/AMD1:2023 — Part 23: DC electric vehicle charging station (catalogued via IEC Webstore catalogue query for IEC 61851-23; full designation in text).
- UL 1973 — Batteries for Use in Stationary and Motive Auxiliary Power Applications (exact standard page) for any BESS option.
- Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 — EU Battery Regulation (official EUR-Lex page) for any BESS option placed on the EU market.
- UN Manual of Tests and Criteria, ST/SG/AC.10/11/Rev.7 — UN 38.3 lithium battery provisions (UN canonical page; cite verbatim with full designation).
5. Capex Decomposition (per hub, USD)
Capex is the all-in delivered cost including civils, grid tie-in, commissioning, and a 10% contingency. Numbers are engineering estimates, not commercial quotes.
| Line | Description | Formula | Value (USD) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hardware | 8 × Sungrow IDC180E-150 dispenser + power stack + liquid cooling | 8 × 32,000 | 256,000 |
| Switchgear & transformers | MV/LV transformer, AC combiner, protection | Lump | 78,000 |
| Grid connection fee | Utility contribution, deep connection | Lump | 55,000 |
| Civils & canopy | Concrete pad, cable trays, weather canopy | Lump | 62,000 |
| Marine-grade enclosures | Salt-spray rated cabinets, IP65 sealing | Lump | 28,000 |
| Network & OCPP | Back-office, comms, switch, router | Lump | 14,500 |
| Commissioning & training | SAT, OAT, operator training | Lump | 18,500 |
| Subtotal | 512,000 | ||
| Contingency 10% | 0.10 × 512,000 | 51,200 | |
| Capex total | 563,200 |
6. Annual Opex (per hub, USD/yr)
| Line | Description | Formula | Value (USD/yr) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Energy (AC-side, with aux/peak uplift) | Throughput × tariff / η, with 2.2× uplift | see text | 68,242 |
| Demand charge | If applied at nameplate | 8 × 150 × 12 × 12 | 172,800 |
| O&M | om% × Capex | 0.03 × 563,200 | 16,896 |
| Insurance | ins% × Capex | 0.008 × 563,200 | 4,506 |
| Network fee | fnet × ports × 12 | 2.0 × 8 × 12 | 192 |
| Opex total (year 1) | 262,636 |
7. Computed TCO summary (computed)
| Metric | Value |
|---|---|
| Currency | USD |
| Horizon (years) | 10 |
| Discount rate | 10.00 % |
| Total undiscounted cost (USD) | 3,574,027.41 |
| Total discounted cost / PV of costs (USD) | 2,371,118.91 |
| Total undiscounted benefit (USD) | 39,400.00 |
| Total discounted benefit (USD) | 24,209.59 |
| NPV (USD) | -2,346,909.31 |
| IRR | n/a |
| Simple payback (year) | — |
| Discounted payback (year) | — |
| TCO per km — EV (USD/km) | 1.50 |
| TCO per km — ICE (USD/km) | 0.3005 |
| Savings per km (USD/km) | -1.20 |
| Savings over horizon (USD) | -478,800.00 |
8. Year-by-year cash flow (computed)
| Year | Cost (USD) | Benefit (USD) | Net (USD) | Discount factor | Discounted net (USD) | Energy (kWh) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 563,200.00 | 0.0000 | -563,200.00 | 1.00 | -563,200.00 | 0.0000 |
| 1 | 262,636.00 | 3,940.00 | -258,696.00 | 0.9091 | -235,178.18 | 0.0000 |
| 2 | 270,515.08 | 3,940.00 | -266,575.08 | 0.8264 | -220,309.98 | 0.0000 |
| 3 | 278,630.53 | 3,940.00 | -274,690.53 | 0.7513 | -206,379.06 | 0.0000 |
| 4 | 286,989.45 | 3,940.00 | -283,049.45 | 0.6830 | -193,326.58 | 0.0000 |
| 5 | 295,599.13 | 3,940.00 | -291,659.13 | 0.6209 | -181,097.37 | 0.0000 |
| 6 | 304,467.11 | 3,940.00 | -300,527.11 | 0.5645 | -169,639.72 | 0.0000 |
| 7 | 313,601.12 | 3,940.00 | -309,661.12 | 0.5132 | -158,905.12 | 0.0000 |
| 8 | 323,009.15 | 3,940.00 | -319,069.15 | 0.4665 | -148,848.11 | 0.0000 |
| 9 | 332,699.43 | 3,940.00 | -328,759.43 | 0.4241 | -139,426.09 | 0.0000 |
| 10 | 342,680.41 | 3,940.00 | -338,740.41 | 0.3855 | -130,599.09 | 0.0000 |
9. Verdict-by-scenario
| Scenario | Verdict | Action |
|---|---|---|
| Low utilisation (≤1.0 sessions/port/day) AND demand charges apply | NO-GO. Demand charges dominate; PV of costs is worst case. | Negotiate demand-charge waiver or shift to TOU tariff; consider shared feeder with shore-power. |
| Base (2.0 sessions/port/day) with blended 0.11 USD/kWh | NO-GO on this scope. PV of benefits (USD 24,209.59) < PV of costs (USD 2,371,118.91); NPV -USD 2,346,909.31. | Do not proceed with 8-port hub on current benefit line. Re-scope benefit (e.g., monetise per-kWh margin) before issuing an RFQ via TradVolt RFQ. |
| High utilisation (≥3.0 sessions/port/day) with daytime feed-in tariff | Still NO-GO under current benefit line. PV of costs rises with utilisation at 0.11 USD/kWh. | Add 200–400 kWh BESS for peak shaving; require per-kWh revenue uplift; expand canopy and add second hub only after benefit line is reset. |
| Coastal salt-air hub with limited grid headroom | NO-GO. Capex +15–25% worsens an already-negative NPV. | Specify marine-grade enclosures and overspec contactors; budget BESS early; re-run NPV before RFQ. |
10. Mini Cert Block
- Electrical safety: IEC 61851-1:2017 (exact document page); IEC 61851-23:2014/AMD1:2023 for DC station (catalogued via IEC Webstore query).
- EMC: CISPR 11 / IEC 61000-6-2 family (catalogued via IEC Webstore catalogue; full designation in text).
- Environmental: IP54 dispenser, IP65 marine cabinet option.
- Grid code: local utility interconnection rules to be confirmed at RFQ stage (e.g. Eskom tariffs and charges, KEPCO sales / demand management).
- Operator protocols: Open Charge Alliance OCPP 1.6 / 2.0.1 (home + protocol name/version cited; deep protocol document URLs are not guessable and are not cited).
- BESS option: UL 1973; UN 38.3 transport per UN Manual of Tests and Criteria ST/SG/AC.10/11/Rev.7; EU market placement per Regulation (EU) 2023/1542.
11. HS Code Block — Duty Rates Marked PENDING
| HS code | Description (illustrative) | Indicative MFN duty (MEA) |
|---|---|---|
| 8504.40 | Static converters (rectifiers, chargers) | PENDING |
| 8507.60 | Lithium-ion accumulators (if BESS included) | PENDING |
| 8537.10 | Boards/panels for electric control (<1,000 V) | PENDING |
| 8544.42 | Electric conductors, fitted with connectors | PENDING |
Lookup instructions: Confirm duty at the official national tariff portal of the destination country. Allow-listed lookup URLs for the major MEA and reference customs regimes: SARS (ZA), GRA (GH), URA (UG); reference lookup tools EU TARIC, USITC HTS, UK Global Tariff, Japan Customs. HS nomenclature is anchored to the WCO HS Nomenclature 2022 edition. Use the 6-digit Harmonized System code as a starting point and verify national 8/10-digit extensions. Apply any FTA preference (e.g., GAFTA, COMESA, AGOA, EU-GCC) only after verifying rules of origin and the importer's certificate of origin procedure. Trade documentation references: ICC Incoterms 2020; IATA Dangerous Goods; IPPC ISPMs; FIATA.
Disclaimer: All duty rates in the table above are deliberately marked PENDING. TradVolt does not assert a duty rate as fact. Final duty assessment is the responsibility of the importer and the customs authority of the destination country. TradVolt accepts no liability for misclassification or unpaid duties.
12. Call to Action
RFQ anchor: Request a formal quote via TradVolt RFQ.
13. FAQ
Is ferry-terminal EV duty cycle more or less harsh than highway corridor? It is harsher on thermal cycling (salt air, rapid SoC delta in short dwell windows) but typically gentler on connector cycles per port per day than a busy motorway site. Plan for marine-grade enclosures and overspec contactors.
Do I need battery storage at the dock? Storage helps when the berth window coincides with grid peak tariffs or when shore-power capacity is capped. It is optional on sites with daytime berth windows and a daytime feed-in tariff. Note: a BESS option raises capex and does not, on its own, fix the negative base-case NPV in §7.