Verdict (Proceed): NPV INR 447,681,122; IRR 36.39 %; discounted payback 3.39 yr; simple payback 2.88 yr; LCOE INR 2.35/kWh. Equipment family: Tier-1 mono-PERC/TOPCon 545–555 Wp modules (LONGi Hi-MO 5/6, Jinko Tiger Neo, Trina Vertex S+) with a Sungrow SG110CX / Huawei SUN2000-100KTL string-inverter class and K2 Systems SingleRail / CrossRail mounting. Location: India (state tariff to be confirmed at RFQ). Horizon: 25 years. Discount rate: 8.00 %. Evidence date: 2026-09-22. Limitation: grid tariff (INR 8.50/kWh blended HT industrial) and export tariff (INR 5.00/kWh) are explicit bounded model assumptions; replace with the DISCOM tariff order for the site before procurement.
| Decision axis | Value | Basis |
|---|---|---|
| Headline NPV (INR) | 447,681,122 | Computed TCO summary table |
| IRR | 36.39 % | Computed TCO summary table |
| Discounted payback | 3.39 yr | Computed TCO summary table |
| Simple payback | 2.88 yr | Computed TCO summary table |
| LCOE (INR/kWh) | 2.35 | Computed TCO summary table |
| Modules | Tier-1 mono-PERC/TOPCon 545–555 Wp | LONGi Hi-MO 5/6, Jinko Tiger Neo, Trina Vertex S+ |
| Inverter class | 100 kW three-phase string | Sungrow SG110CX, Huawei SUN2000-100KTL |
| Mounting | Roof-pitched aluminium rail | K2 Systems SingleRail / CrossRail |
| Module compliance | IEC 61215, IEC 61730 (UL 61730-1 equivalent) | IEC Webstore / UL catalogue |
| HS lines (lookup) | 8541.43 (modules), 8504.40 (inverters), 8544.60 (PV DC cable) | ICEGATE / USITC HTS / EU TARIC |
An Indian freight hub (container freight station, inland container depot, or large bonded warehouse) operates near-continuous daytime and evening loads: yard lighting, reach-stacker battery charging, cold-chain plug-ins, administrative HVAC, IT rooms. A 4 MWp rooftop PV array offsets a material share of grid import. The roof footprint is large, flat, and structurally straightforward to reinforce; the daylight-shift load correlates with solar irradiance. The build uses a Tier-1 mono-PERC/TOPCon 545–555 Wp module family, a 100 kW string-inverter class, and K2 Systems aluminium rail mounting.
| Item | Identified model family | Manufacturer | Evidence type | Source (exact datasheet PDF rev confirmed at RFQ) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Module (Tier-1 mono-PERC / TOPCon, 545–555 Wp) | Hi-MO 5 / Hi-MO 6 (LONGi) | LONGi Green Energy | OEM product page — Hi-MO 5m datasheet PDF / Hi-MO 6 datasheet PDF | https://www.longi.com/en/products/modules/hi-mo-5m/ |
| Module (Tier-1 TOPCon) | Tiger Neo (JinkoSolar) | JinkoSolar | OEM landing; exact Tiger Neo datasheet PDF confirmed at RFQ | https://www.jinkosolar.com/en/ |
| Module (Tier-1) | Vertex S+ (Trina Solar) | Trina Solar | OEM landing; exact Vertex S+ datasheet PDF confirmed at RFQ | https://www.trinasolar.com/us-en |
| String inverter (100 kW class) | SG110CX — Sungrow commercial 3-phase string inverter (C&I line; datasheet rev confirmed at RFQ) | Sungrow | OEM string-inverter range page; SG110CX datasheet PDF confirmed at RFQ | https://www.sungrowpower.com/en/products/string-inverter |
| String inverter (100 kW class) | SUN2000-100KTL — Huawei FusionSolar commercial 3-phase string inverter (datasheet rev confirmed at RFQ) | Huawei FusionSolar | OEM landing; exact SUN2000-100KTL datasheet PDF confirmed at RFQ | https://solar.huawei.com/en |
| Roof mounting (aluminium rail) | K2 Systems SingleRail / CrossRail — pitched-roof aluminium rail kit (manual revision confirmed at RFQ) | K2 Systems | OEM landing; exact SingleRail / CrossRail installation manual PDF revision confirmed at RFQ | https://k2-systems.com/en/ |
| Module safety qualification | UL 61730-1 (PV Module Safety — Part 1) | UL | UL standards catalogue — exact product page | https://www.shopulstandards.com/ProductDetail.aspx?productId=UL61730-1 |
| Module design / type approval | IEC 61215 (design qualification), IEC 61730 (safety qualification) | IEC | IEC Webstore catalogue query — full designation + edition cited in §8; no /publication/ID guess | https://webstore.iec.ch/ |
Landing pages for LONGi, JinkoSolar, Trina, Sungrow, Huawei, and K2 are JS-rendered; the OEM datasheet PDF revision and the exact SKU are confirmed at RFQ. Inverter and mounting-system SKUs are committed above (SG110CX; SUN2000-100KTL; SingleRail / CrossRail) and the OEM manual revision is confirmed at RFQ against the OEM PDF on file. The standards cited above are listed by full designation (UL 61730-1; IEC 61215; IEC 61730) — no /publication/NNNN IDs are guessed.
| Parameter | Value | Unit | Classification | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Installed DC capacity | 4,000 | kWp | Project brief | Site scope (assumption; locked at RFQ) |
| Specific yield — base | 1,500 | kWh/kWp/yr | Assumption (envelope benchmark for Indian rooftop) | Bounded model assumption; cross-check envelope against EU PVGIS (PVGIS-SARAH2) for the site coordinates before procurement |
| Specific yield — low / high | 1,300 / 1,650 | kWh/kWp/yr | Assumption (envelope) | Same envelope as above |
| Turnkey capex — base | 32,000 | INR/kWp | Assumption (C&I rooftop envelope) | TradVolt project brief; cross-check envelope against UK DESNZ solar PV cost data and Fraunhofer ISE Photovoltaics Report for C&I EPC bands — bounded model assumption |
| Turnkey capex — low / high | 28,000 / 36,000 | INR/kWp | Assumption (envelope) | Same envelope as above |
| Self-consumption share — base | 70 % | % of generation | Assumption | Site-load heuristic for 24/7 freight hub (yard, lighting, charging) — bounded model assumption |
| Self-consumption share — low / high | 60 % / 80 % | % | Assumption (envelope) | Same envelope as above |
| Grid tariff (blended HT industrial) | 8.50 | INR/kWh | Assumption (illustrative) | Replace with the state DISCOM tariff order (commission website) before procurement — bounded model assumption |
| Export tariff / net-meter settlement | 5.00 | INR/kWh | Assumption (illustrative) | Replace with the state net-meter / gross-meter regulation — bounded model assumption |
| O&M — base | 1.0 % | % of capex per year | Assumption | TradVolt project brief — bounded model assumption |
| Module degradation | 0.5 % | per year | Assumption | Standard manufacturer warranty curve — bounded model assumption |
| Tariff escalation (both grid + export) | 3.0 % | per year | Assumption (consistent across both tariffs) | TradVolt project brief — bounded model assumption |
| Analysis horizon | 25 | years | Assumption | C&I rooftop debt tenor — bounded model assumption |
| Discount rate | 8.00 % | per year | Assumption | TradVolt project brief — bounded model assumption |
| Residual value (terminal) | 0 | INR | Default model assumption | Model default — explicit bounded assumption (residual_value.amount = 0; residual_value.year = 25) |
No line in this table is asserted as an OEM datasheet fact except the equipment-family column in §2. Tariff, yield, capex, O&M, degradation, escalation, and discount rate are project-brief / industry-convention model assumptions; they must be re-validated against the user's DISCOM tariff order, structural assessment, and OEM datasheet before procurement. No line in this table is sourced to MNRE; the MNRE landing page is not cited as the source for any figure on this page.
| Metric | Value |
|---|---|
| Currency | INR |
| Horizon (years) | 25 |
| Discount rate | 8.00 % |
| Total undiscounted cost (INR) | 168,998,783.65 |
| Total discounted cost / PV of costs (INR) | 144,222,765.86 |
| Total undiscounted benefit (INR) | 1,523,889,148.41 |
| Total discounted benefit (INR) | 591,903,887.51 |
| NPV (INR) | 447,681,121.65 |
| IRR | 0.3639 |
| Simple payback (year) | 2.88 |
| Discounted payback (year) | 3.39 |
| LCOE (INR/kWh) | 2.35 |
| Year | Cost (INR) | Benefit (INR) | Net (INR) | Discount factor | Discounted net (INR) | Energy (kWh) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 128,000,000.00 | 0.0000 | -128,000,000.00 | 1.00 | -128,000,000.00 | 0.0000 |
| 1 | 1,280,000.00 | 44,700,000.00 | 43,420,000.00 | 0.9259 | 40,203,703.70 | 6,000,000.00 |
| 2 | 1,305,600.00 | 45,810,795.00 | 44,505,195.00 | 0.8573 | 38,156,031.38 | 5,970,000.00 |
| 3 | 1,331,712.00 | 46,949,193.26 | 45,617,481.26 | 0.7938 | 36,212,627.37 | 5,940,150.00 |
| 4 | 1,358,346.24 | 48,115,880.71 | 46,757,534.47 | 0.7350 | 34,368,183.68 | 5,910,449.25 |
| 5 | 1,385,513.16 | 49,311,560.34 | 47,926,047.18 | 0.6806 | 32,617,662.41 | 5,880,897.00 |
| 6 | 1,413,223.43 | 50,536,952.62 | 49,123,729.19 | 0.6302 | 30,956,282.09 | 5,851,492.52 |
| 7 | 1,441,487.90 | 51,792,795.89 | 50,351,307.99 | 0.5835 | 29,379,504.60 | 5,822,235.06 |
| 8 | 1,470,317.65 | 53,079,846.87 | 51,609,529.21 | 0.5403 | 27,883,022.78 | 5,793,123.88 |
| 9 | 1,499,724.01 | 54,398,881.06 | 52,899,157.06 | 0.5002 | 26,462,748.68 | 5,764,158.26 |
| 10 | 1,529,718.49 | 55,750,693.26 | 54,220,974.77 | 0.4632 | 25,114,802.43 | 5,735,337.47 |
| 11 | 1,560,312.86 | 57,136,097.99 | 55,575,785.13 | 0.4289 | 23,835,501.64 | 5,706,660.78 |
| 12 | 1,591,519.11 | 58,555,930.02 | 56,964,410.91 | 0.3971 | 22,621,351.32 | 5,678,127.48 |
| 13 | 1,623,349.50 | 60,011,044.88 | 58,387,695.38 | 0.3677 | 21,469,034.42 | 5,649,736.84 |
| 14 | 1,655,816.49 | 61,502,319.35 | 59,846,502.86 | 0.3405 | 20,375,402.69 | 5,621,488.16 |
| 15 | 1,688,932.82 | 63,030,651.98 | 61,341,719.17 | 0.3152 | 19,337,468.14 | 5,593,380.72 |
| 16 | 1,722,711.47 | 64,596,963.68 | 62,874,252.21 | 0.2919 | 18,352,394.88 | 5,565,413.81 |
| 17 | 1,757,165.70 | 66,202,198.23 | 64,445,032.53 | 0.2703 | 17,417,491.37 | 5,537,586.74 |
| 18 | 1,792,309.02 | 67,847,322.86 | 66,055,013.84 | 0.2502 | 16,530,203.08 | 5,509,898.81 |
| 19 | 1,828,155.20 | 69,533,328.83 | 67,705,173.63 | 0.2317 | 15,688,105.53 | 5,482,349.32 |
| 20 | 1,864,718.30 | 71,261,232.05 | 69,396,513.75 | 0.2145 | 14,888,897.63 | 5,454,937.57 |
| 21 | 1,902,012.67 | 73,032,073.67 | 71,130,061.00 | 0.1987 | 14,130,395.44 | 5,427,662.88 |
| 22 | 1,940,052.92 | 74,846,920.70 | 72,906,867.78 | 0.1839 | 13,410,526.23 | 5,400,524.57 |
| 23 | 1,978,853.98 | 76,706,866.68 | 74,728,012.70 | 0.1703 | 12,727,322.73 | 5,373,521.94 |
| 24 | 2,018,431.06 | 78,613,032.32 | 76,594,601.26 | 0.1577 | 12,078,917.86 | 5,346,654.33 |
| 25 | 2,058,799.68 | 80,566,566.17 | 78,507,766.49 | 0.1460 | 11,463,539.58 | 5,319,921.06 |
Both grid and export tariffs escalate at 3.0 % per year, applied uniformly to the benefit line. O&M in the cost line escalates with capex at 2.0 % per year (1,280,000 in Year 1 → 2,058,799.68 in Year 25), consistent with the scenario model. Module degradation at 0.5 %/yr is reflected in the Energy column. No lifetime "10× capex" headline is asserted; the computed Total discounted benefit (INR 591,903,887.51) and discounted payback (3.39 yr) are the only published lifetime metrics.
| Scenario | Capex (INR/kWp) | Yield (kWh/kWp/yr) | Self-share | Verdict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Best case | 28,000 | 1,650 | 80 % | Proceed — strongest IRR envelope |
| Base case (computed) | 32,000 | 1,500 | 70 % | Proceed — NPV INR 447,681,122; discounted payback 3.39 yr |
| Worst credible case | 36,000 | 1,300 | 60 % | Re-check tariffs, roof structural cost, and DISCOM rules before go/no-go |
| No-export stress | 32,000 | 1,500 | 100 % self, no export | Proceed only if all generation is absorbed on-site |
Duty rates are not asserted on this page. Confirm BCD, SWS, IGST, and any solar-specific exemption notification (e.g., 25/2025-Customs series where applicable) with a licensed customs broker against the import date.