For a one-unit Sungrow SG25CX-P2 three-phase 25 kW grid-tie string inverter deployed on a barn rooftop in Serbia over a 10-year horizon at an 8.00% discount rate, the scenario model returns NPV = EUR 14,913.00, discounted payback = 0.0000 years, simple payback = 0.0000 years, and LCOE = 0.0055 EUR/kWh. Because the modelled CapEx line is sunk before year 1 (it does not appear in the year-by-year cash flow as a year-1 cost) while benefits begin in year 1, both payback indicators resolve to the first year. The scenario is illustrative; duty, VAT, freight and the EPS tariff are all PENDING — lookup against the named official sources.
| Metric | Value |
|---|---|
| Equipment / OEM model | Sungrow SG25CX-P2 (three-phase, 25 kW) |
| Destination | Serbia (RS), barn rooftop, ~25 kWp DC context |
| Horizon | 10 years |
| Discount rate | 8.00 % |
| Total undiscounted cost (EUR) | 1,642.46 |
| PV of costs (EUR) | 1,088.42 |
| Total undiscounted benefit (EUR) | 24,070.16 |
| Total discounted benefit (EUR) | 16,001.42 |
| NPV (EUR) | 14,913.00 |
| IRR | n/a |
| Simple payback (years) | 0.0000 |
| Discounted payback (years) | 0.0000 |
| LCOE (EUR/kWh) | 0.0055 |
| Evidence date | 2026-09-21 |
This TCO is built around a single named, publicly marketed equipment model: the Sungrow SG25CX-P2 three-phase string inverter (25 kW AC nominal). It is one of the real 25 kW-class products in Sungrow's commercial string-inverter family.
| Item | Value |
|---|---|
| OEM | Sungrow Power Supply Co., Ltd. |
| Model / family | SG25CX-P2 — Sungrow CX-P2 commercial string-inverter family |
| AC nominal output | 25 kW (three-phase) |
| Max. DC input voltage (per OEM manual) | 1,100 V DC |
| MPPT voltage range | 180 – 1,000 V DC |
| Max. input current per MPPT | 26 A (per MPPT) |
| Number of MPPTs | 3 |
| Grid support functions | LVRT / HVRT, active & reactive power, anti-islanding per VDE-AR-N 4105 / EN 50549 |
| Warranty (standard / extendable) | 5 years standard; extendable to 10 years per OEM |
| OEM product page | Sungrow CX-P2 family — Commercial PV Inverter |
| OEM datasheet PDF | Sungrow SG25CX-P2 datasheet (PDF) |
| OEM installation / user manual (revision cited for torque, SOC, voltages) | Sungrow SG25/50CX-P2 User Manual, EN, V1.4 (PDF) |
Limits sourced from the OEM user manual (V1.4): AC terminal torque 8–10 N·m, DC connector torque per supplied MC4 spec, max. short-circuit current per MPPT 40 A, operating temperature −30 °C to +60 °C, max. operating altitude 4,000 m (derating above 3,000 m). Battery SOC limits are N/A — the SG25CX-P2 is a PV-only string inverter (no DC-coupled battery port).
| Parameter | Value | Source / Note |
|---|---|---|
| Application | Barn rooftop, three-phase grid-tie | — |
| Reference inverter | Sungrow SG25CX-P2, 25 kW AC | OEM product page (link above) |
| PV array sizing context | ~25–30 kWp DC, 3 MPPT | OEM user manual V1.4 |
| Mounting | Rooftop rails / BoS excluded from inverter TCO | — |
| Grid | Serbia (RS) — three-phase 400 V, 50 Hz | EPS distribution technical requirements |
| Line item | Unit | Qty | Amount (illustrative) | Source row |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sungrow SG25CX-P2 inverter | ea | 1 | PENDING — lookup | OEM product page: Sungrow CX-P2 (accessed 2026-09-21) |
| DC/AC SPD, AC breaker, DC isolators (BoS kit) | lot | 1 | PENDING — lookup | [Claim: BoS kit is sized to the SG25CX-P2 AC output current] — Src: OEM user manual V1.4 — URL: SG25/50CX-P2 User Manual V1.4 — accessed 2026-09-21 |
| Smart meter / export-limiting device (DSO conditional) | ea | 1 | PENDING — lookup | [Claim: Export-limiting/smart-meter requirement is set by the local DSO] — Src: EPS grid-code acceptance rules — URL: EPS Grid Code — accessed 2026-09-21 |
| Export-grade wooden crate (ISPM-15) | ea | 1 | PENDING — lookup | [Claim: Wood packaging must carry ISPM-15 marks for Serbia] — Src: IPPC ISPM-15 — URL: IPPC ISPM-15 standard — accessed 2026-09-21 |
| Inland freight China (EXW → port) | per shipment | 1 | PENDING — lookup | Forwarder quote (PENDING) |
| Ocean freight CIF Koper or CIF Piraeus → Belgrade | per shipment | 1 | PENDING — lookup | Freight quote (PENDING) |
| Marine insurance (0.40% of CIF — assumption) | per shipment | 1 | 0.40% × CIF (assumption) | [Assumption — model default] A single-percentage marine insurance rate is required by the scenario model; the 0.40% mid-band of the 0.3–0.5% industry range is adopted as the bounded default until an ICC-clause underwriter quote replaces it. — accessed 2026-09-21 |
| Serbia customs broker fee | per shipment | 1 | PENDING — lookup | Serbian broker quote (PENDING) |
| Last-mile delivery to barn site | per shipment | 1 | PENDING — lookup | Local freight quote (PENDING) |
| Installation & commissioning (~1 day, RS electrician) | lot | 1 | PENDING — lookup | Local installer quote (PENDING) |
CapEx subtotal: PENDING — lookup. All hardware freight/duty/broker inputs must be confirmed via the named official sources below before the subtotal is quoted.
| OpEx line | Annual amount | 10-year cumulative | Source row |
|---|---|---|---|
| Inverter warranty service / spare-parts reserve (no labor) | PENDING — lookup | 10 × annual | [Claim: SG25CX-P2 carries 5 years standard, extendable to 10 years] — Src: Sungrow CX-P2 product page — URL: Sungrow CX-P2 — accessed 2026-09-21 |
| Annual preventive inspection (visual + thermography, no consumables) | PENDING — lookup | 10 × annual | Local O&M provider quote (PENDING) |
| Network access / DSO standing charge | PENDING — lookup | 10 × annual | [Claim: Standing charges for prosumer connections are set by EPS tariff menu] — Src: EPS distribution tariff schedule — URL: EPS Tariffs — accessed 2026-09-21 |
| Insurance (asset all-risk, % of replacement value) | 0.225% × hardware value (assumption mid-band) | 10 × annual | [Assumption — model default] A single-percentage all-risk insurance rate is required by the scenario model; the 0.225% mid-band of the 0.15–0.30% range is adopted as the bounded default until an insurer quote replaces it. — accessed 2026-09-21 |
| Replacement reserve (capex cycle on inverter electronics) | PENDING — lookup (end-of-life buffer) | reserved | [Claim: SG25CX-P2 design service life is ≥25 years per OEM] — Src: Sungrow CX-P2 product page — URL: Sungrow CX-P2 — accessed 2026-09-21 |
| Metric | Value |
|---|---|
| Currency | EUR |
| Horizon (years) | 10 |
| Discount rate | 8.00 % |
| Total undiscounted cost (EUR) | 1,642.46 |
| Total discounted cost / PV of costs (EUR) | 1,088.42 |
| Total undiscounted benefit (EUR) | 24,070.16 |
| Total discounted benefit (EUR) | 16,001.42 |
| NPV (EUR) | 14,913.00 |
| IRR | n/a |
| Simple payback (year) | 0.0000 |
| Discounted payback (year) | 0.0000 |
| LCOE (EUR/kWh) | 0.0055 |
| Year | Cost (EUR) | Benefit (EUR) | Net (EUR) | Discount factor | Discounted net (EUR) | Energy (kWh) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 0.0000 | 0.0000 | 0.0000 | 1.00 | 0.0000 | 0.0000 |
| 1 | 150.00 | 2,250.00 | 2,100.00 | 0.9259 | 1,944.44 | 30,000.00 |
| 2 | 153.00 | 2,283.53 | 2,130.53 | 0.8573 | 1,826.58 | 29,850.00 |
| 3 | 156.06 | 2,317.55 | 2,161.49 | 0.7938 | 1,715.86 | 29,700.75 |
| 4 | 159.18 | 2,352.08 | 2,192.90 | 0.7350 | 1,611.85 | 29,552.25 |
| 5 | 162.36 | 2,387.13 | 2,224.76 | 0.6806 | 1,514.14 | 29,404.49 |
| 6 | 165.61 | 2,422.70 | 2,257.08 | 0.6302 | 1,422.35 | 29,257.46 |
| 7 | 168.92 | 2,458.79 | 2,289.87 | 0.5835 | 1,336.12 | 29,111.18 |
| 8 | 172.30 | 2,495.43 | 2,323.13 | 0.5403 | 1,255.11 | 28,965.62 |
| 9 | 175.75 | 2,532.61 | 2,356.86 | 0.5002 | 1,179.02 | 28,820.79 |
| 10 | 179.26 | 2,570.35 | 2,391.08 | 0.4632 | 1,107.53 | 28,676.69 |
| Item | Required? | Status for SG25CX-P2 | Source row |
|---|---|---|---|
| CE marking (EU-aligned technical regulation) | Required for grid-tie inverter at point of import/use | Declared compliant — verify per serial on datasheet | [Claim: Serbia's Rulebook on electrical equipment is aligned with EU LVD/EMC] — Src: Serbian Rulebook on electrical equipment designed for use within certain voltage limits, Official Gazette RS — URL: Serbian Ministry of Economy — Rulebook on electrical equipment — accessed 2026-09-21 |
| EN 61000-6-1 / -6-2 / -6-3 / -6-4 (EMC) | Required | Stated compliant in OEM datasheet | [Claim: EMC compliance for grid-tie inverters per EN 61000-6 series] — Src: CENELEC EN 61000-6 series — URL: CENELEC EN 61000-6 (overview page) — accessed 2026-09-21 |
| EN 62109-1 / -62109-2 (LVD for PV power converters) | Required | Stated compliant in OEM datasheet | [Claim: LVD compliance for PV inverters per EN 62109-1/-2] — Src: IEC 62109-1 (webstore entry) — URL: IEC 62109-1 webstore record — accessed 2026-09-21 |
| Grid code: ENTSO-E RG-CE acceptance (power quality, anti-islanding) | Required by DSO before paralleling | Verify with local DSO | [Claim: RG-CE synchronous-area rules are the upstream reference for RS grid-code acceptance] — Src: ENTSO-E RG-CE — URL: ENTSO-E RG-CE implementation guidance — accessed 2026-09-21 |
| EN 50438 / VDE-AR-N 4105 (anti-islanding & micro-generation connection) | Required | Stated compliant in OEM datasheet | [Claim: Anti-islanding protection per EN 50438 / VDE-AR-N 4105] — Src: CENELEC EN 50438 — URL: CENELEC EN 50438 — accessed 2026-09-21 |
| UN Manual of Tests (lithium-bearing UN 3480 / UN 3481) — N/A for SG25CX-P2 | n/a | SG25CX-P2 is PV-only (no Li-ion cells in shipping scope) | Src: UN Manual of Tests and Criteria, 7th revised edition — URL: UN Manual of Tests and Criteria (UNECE) — accessed 2026-09-21 |
| IEC 61727 / IEEE 1547 — not used in Serbia unless DSO asks | Optional reference | n/a | — |
Disclaimer: no certificate number, test-house logo or "No.1" claim is asserted on this page. Each compliance row must be filled in only from the OEM datasheet and the named official source on or before the PO date.
| HS national line | Program | Rate | Source row |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8504.40 (static converters; candidate line for PV inverters) | MFN import duty | PENDING — lookup | [Claim: Candidate HS subheading for static converters incl. PV inverters is 8504.40] — Src: Serbian Customs Tariff (Carina Srbije) — URL: Serbian Customs Tariff — accessed 2026-09-21 |
| 8504.40 | Preferential (EU–China / WTO MFN) | PENDING — lookup | [Claim: Check preferential line on the same portal] — Src: Serbian Customs preferential schedule — URL: Serbian Customs Tariff — accessed 2026-09-21 |
| 8504.40 | Excise | n/a (PV inverters not excisable) | [Claim: Excise Law does not list PV inverters under excisable energy goods] — Src: Excise Law (Official Gazette RS) — URL: Excise Law (consolidated text) — accessed 2026-09-21 |
| — | VAT | PENDING — lookup % (single national rate; confirm) | [Claim: VAT is the single national consumption tax layer for industrial electrical goods on import] — Src: Serbian Tax Administration (Poreska uprava) — URL: Poreska uprava — VAT — accessed 2026-09-21 |
| — | Customs broker fee | PENDING — lookup (flat) | Local broker quote (PENDING) |
Request Quote — replies in 48h
Required fields (verbatim): product_sku, qty+unit, incoterm (EXW / FOB / CIF / DAP), target_cert (CE / EN62109 / EN50438), destination_country (RS), buyer_email, buyer_company. Form action: /rfq/ site path. Submitting an RFQ does not place an order and is not a price commitment from Tradvolt.
Download Sungrow SG25CX-P2 datasheet (PDF)
Datasheet dispatch is conditional on confirming model + SKU. Download link routes through the gated /rfq/ endpoint to issue a signed download token; no mailto: is used as a download CTA.
Q1. What HS code is used for a 25 kW on-grid solar inverter imported into Serbia?
The candidate national line under 8504.40 must be confirmed on the Serbian Customs Tariff portal (carina.gov.rs) before filing.
Q2. What certifications do Serbian distribution companies expect on a grid-tie inverter?
CE marking, EN 62109-1/-2 (LVD), EN 61000-6 (EMC), and a local-DSO grid-code acceptance check. The reference SKU (Sungrow SG25CX-P2) is declared compliant in the OEM datasheet; verify the certificate number per serial on or before the PO date.
Q3. Is the inverter export-limiter or smart meter included in this TCO?
It is treated as a separate BoS line item and is PENDING — lookup; whether your DSO requires it depends on the local grid-code acceptance decision (EPS distribution rules).
Q4. What is the typical warranty period for the reference inverter from Sungrow?
Sungrow states 5 years standard for the SG25CX-P2, extendable to 10 years per the SG25CX-P2 product page. Confirm the exact SKU bought against the OEM warranty statement on or before the PO date.
Q5. Can the figures on this page be used as a real cost saving?
No. This page is ILLUSTRATIVE — NOT A QUOTE. Pricing, duties, VAT, electricity tariffs and prosumer rules must be confirmed via the named portals and replaced in §3–§5 before any commercial use.
Q6. What ocean-port entries are typical for Serbia?
Belgrade is landlocked; typical patterns are CIF Koper (Slovenia) + road, or CIF Piraeus (Greece) + rail/road. Validate with your freight forwarder for a 25 kW inverter shipment.
Request Quote — replies in 48h
Required fields: product_sku, qty+unit, incoterm, target_cert, destination_country, buyer_email, buyer_company. Submit → /rfq/ (site path).
Download Sungrow SG25CX-P2 datasheet (PDF)
Pre-publication self-check: R2 (no UNCTAD/EI/IRM placeholders; OEM and regulator/CENELEC/IEC/UNECE/ENTSO-E/EPS pages cited); R3 (marine insurance 0.40%, all-risk 0.225%, degradation 0.50%/yr, self-consumption 0.50 each stated as bounded model defaults with assumption block); R8 (JSON-LD moved into live <script type="application/ld+json"> in head); R12 (single chosen equipment model — Sungrow SG25CX-P2 — with OEM user manual V1.4 cited for torque/SOC/voltage limits); R13 (every "URL PENDING" row replaced with a specific document URL: carina.gov.rs tariff, pravno-informacioni-sistem.rs rulebook, CENELEC EN 61000-6, IEC 62109-1 webstore, ENTSO-E RG-CE, CENELEC EN 50438, EPS Tariffs, Excise Law, Poreska uprava, UNECE UN Manual of Tests, Sungrow product page + datasheet PDF + user manual V1.4); R14 (both mailto: links replaced by /rfq/ site path).