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Cargo-Port Solar 4 MWp — Use Case & Total Cost of Ownership (Australia)

Audience: Port authority sustainability leads, EPC contractors, infrastructure funds.
Equipment: Jinko Solar Tiger Neo 580 W modules; Sungrow SG110CX string inverters; K2 Systems SingleRail / XPress mounting kit (manual rev. confirmed at RFQ).
Horizon: 20 years. Currency: AUD (A$). Region: AU coastal cargo terminals.
Evidence date: 2026-09-22. Limitation: Site-specific yields, port-DNSP connection fees, and AS/NZS 5033 certifier costs must be re-priced at RFQ.

0. Verdict and Decision Table

Across the computed base case, the 4 MWp cargo-port solar system is strongly proceed: NPV = A$15,770,883, IRR = 26.83 %, simple payback ≈ 3.86 yrs, discounted payback ≈ 4.50 yrs, LCOE = A$0.1095/kWh, well below the 2026 AU commercial tariff benchmark. Figures below are the only computed numbers on this page and were produced by the scenario TCO model for the scenario described in §2.

Decision driverValueBenchmarkVerdict
NPV (20-yr, real WACC 6.00 %)A$15,770,883> 0Proceed
IRR26.83 %> WACCProceed
Simple payback3.86 yr< 6 yrProceed
Discounted payback4.50 yr< 7 yrProceed
LCOEA$0.1095/kWh< A$0.28/kWh grid tariffProceed
Lifetime energy≈ 118.0 GWh—Model assumption: 1,550 kWh/kWp/yr coastal AU specific yield, 0.5 %/yr linear module degradation

1. TCO Summary (computed)

TCO summary
MetricValue
CurrencyAUD
Horizon (years)20
Discount rate6.00 %
Total undiscounted cost (AUD)8,186,855.13
Total discounted cost / PV of costs (AUD)7,497,308.53
Total undiscounted benefit (AUD)42,127,772.29
Total discounted benefit (AUD)23,268,191.36
NPV (AUD)15,770,882.83
IRR0.2683
Simple payback (year)3.86
Discounted payback (year)4.50
LCOE (AUD/kWh)0.1095

2. Year-by-Year Cash Flow (computed)

Year-by-year cash flow
YearCost (AUD)Benefit (AUD)Net (AUD)Discount factorDiscounted net (AUD)Energy (kWh)
06,660,422.000.0000-6,660,422.001.00-6,660,422.000.0000
164,223.001,736,000.001,671,777.000.94341,577,148.116,200,000.00
256,531.461,770,503.001,713,971.540.89001,525,428.576,169,000.00
357,662.091,805,691.751,748,029.660.83961,467,679.416,138,155.00
458,815.331,841,579.871,782,764.540.79211,412,116.496,107,464.23
559,991.641,878,181.271,818,189.630.74731,358,657.066,076,926.90
661,191.471,915,510.121,854,318.650.70501,307,221.486,046,542.27
762,415.301,953,580.891,891,165.590.66511,257,733.136,016,309.56
863,663.611,992,408.311,928,744.700.62741,210,118.295,986,228.01
964,936.882,032,007.421,967,070.540.59191,164,306.035,956,296.87
1066,235.622,072,393.572,006,157.950.55841,120,228.125,926,515.39
1167,560.332,113,582.392,046,022.060.52681,077,818.905,896,882.81
12239,911.532,155,589.841,915,678.310.4970952,033.435,867,398.39
1370,289.762,198,432.192,128,142.430.4688997,756.215,838,061.40
1471,695.562,242,126.032,170,430.470.4423959,983.495,808,871.10
1573,129.472,286,688.282,213,558.810.4173923,640.755,779,826.74
1674,592.062,332,136.212,257,544.150.3936888,673.875,750,927.61
1776,083.902,378,487.422,302,403.520.3714855,030.745,722,172.97
1877,605.582,425,759.862,348,154.280.3503822,661.275,693,562.10
1979,157.692,473,971.842,394,814.140.3305791,517.235,665,094.29
2080,740.852,523,142.032,442,401.180.3118761,552.235,636,768.82

Simple payback uses undiscounted cost and benefit; discounted payback uses the discounted net column above. CAPEX falls in Year 0; the Year-12 cost spike is the string-inverter replacement reserve.

3. Equipment and OEM Manual References

Equipment model, OEM datasheet landing page, and the manual revision used for any procedure limit (torque, SOC, voltage) are listed below. Specific revision numbers for installation manuals are confirmed at RFQ stage; OEM public datasheet landing pages are linked.

Equipment familyModelOEMPublic datasheet / product pageManual revision used for limits
PV module — n-type TOPConTiger Neo JKM580N-72HL4-BDV (580 W)Jinko Solarhttps://www.jinkosolar.com/en/Jinko Tiger Neo installation manual, rev. confirmed at RFQ (N/A at draft)
String inverter — 100 kW classSungrow SG110CXSungrowhttps://www.sungrowpower.com/enSungrow SG110CX user manual, rev. confirmed at RFQ (N/A at draft)
Mounting system — pitched / groundK2 Systems SingleRail / XPress kitK2 Systemshttps://k2-systems.com/en/K2 SingleRail assembly instructions, rev. confirmed at RFQ (N/A at draft)

Module DC nameplate is summed to 4,000 kWp; inverter AC nameplate is set inside the DC/AC ratio window recommended by Sungrow for the SG110CX (verify against OEM manual revision at RFQ). Torque values on clamps and rails are taken from the K2 Systems SingleRail installation instructions at RFQ; SOC, Voc and Isc limits for module string sizing follow the Jinko Tiger Neo datasheet at RFQ.

4. Bounded Model Assumptions

Inputs the scenario model used but that the original draft did not state explicitly. These are bounded project defaults, not sourced facts.

InputValueUnitNote
Residual value (terminal)0.00AUDConservative; no salvage assumed at year 20
Residual value timing20yearEnd-of-horizon write-off
Specific yield (coastal AU)1,550kWh/kWp/yrModel assumption; benchmark range 1,400–1,700
Annual module degradation0.0050per yearLinear; bounded 0.3 %–0.7 % in sensitivity
Year-0 grid tariff0.28A$/kWhModel assumption, AEMO 2025 commercial benchmark envelope
Real tariff escalation0.025per yearBounded 1.5 %–3.5 % in sensitivity
Real discount rate (WACC)0.06per yearBounded 4 %–8 % in sensitivity
Inverter replacement timing12yearFull string-inverter swap reserve

5. Compliance and Standards Block

Compliance domainStandard / referenceIssuerStatus
PV array installation (AU)AS/NZS 5033Standards AustraliaVerify with EPC & certifier at design freeze
Grid connection of inverters (AU)AS/NZS 4777.1 / AS/NZS 4777.2Standards AustraliaVerify with DNSP
PV module safety qualificationUL 61730-1UL StandardsConfirm module listing at procurement — see UL 61730-1 product page
EV conductive charging (if EV charging is added)IEC 61851-1:2017IECReference only at this scope — see IEC 61851-1:2017 publication page
CEC Approved Product listingCEC approved inverters & modules listClean Energy CouncilVerify modules & inverters at procurement
RECS (LRET) eligibilityLarge-scale Renewable Energy TargetClean Energy RegulatorConfirm accreditation pre-financial-close
DNSP connection agreementAusgrid / Energex / Powercor / etc.Site-specific DNSPSite-dependent
Incoterms for imported equipmentIncoterms® 2020ICCReference — see ICC Incoterms 2020 rules page

If a battery (e.g. CATL or EVE) is later added, the cells must be UN 38.3 tested per the UN Manual of Tests and Criteria (ST/SG/AC.10/11/Rev.7) and the EU Battery Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 applies on import into the EU — see UN Manual of Tests and Criteria and Regulation (EU) 2023/1542. Out of scope for this 4 MWp PV-only TCO.

6. HS Code Reference Block

Lookup tool, not deep classification pages. Confirm with a licensed customs broker before any procurement.

ItemLikely HS codeLookup toolNote
PV modules (silicon crystalline)8541.43Australian Border Force Working TariffConfirm duty and any FTA concession (e.g. ChAFTA) at shipment
PV inverters (static converters)8504.40Australian Border Force Working TariffConfirm duty and any FTA concession at shipment
Mounting structures (aluminium / steel)7610.90 / 7308.90Australian Border Force Working TariffMaterial-dependent; confirm at time of import
Cross-reference for other destinations—EU TARIC consultation · USITC HTS search · UK Global Tariff · Japan Customs (EN) · SARS · GRA Ghana · URA UgandaLookup only

Disclaimer: TradVolt does not assert any specific duty rate as fact. Confirm against the Australian Border Force Working Tariff and your licensed customs broker before procurement; FTA preferences (ChAFTA, KAFTA, JAEPA) and GST treatment depend on origin and classification ruling.

7. Reference Documents (cited)

For international freight terms see ICC Incoterms 2020; for dangerous goods (only if batteries are added later) see IATA DGR and UN Manual of Tests and Criteria; for wood-packaging fumigation see IPPC ISPM 15 at IPPC ISPMs list.

8. Call to Action

Request a formal RFQ: tradvolt.com/rfq/

Datasheet (PV module): Jinko Solar — Tiger Neo product page

Datasheet (inverter): Sungrow — SG110CX product page

Datasheet (mounting): K2 Systems — SingleRail / XPress product page