NPV = −₹6,25,75,305 over 10 years at 11.00% WACC. Discounted payback: none within the 10-year horizon. Simple payback: none within the 10-year horizon. The 60-port cluster's 10-year discounted PV of costs is ₹3,94,80,093, against a discounted benefit of −₹2,30,95,212 (negative because the modelled "benefit" stream is the avoided ICE fuel + maintenance, which under the bounded assumption set below does not offset EV infrastructure cost at this energy throughput). TCO per km: EV ₹2.175 / km vs ICE ₹0.316 / km, i.e. savings per km = −₹1.86 / km (the EV TCO/km exceeds the ICE counterfactual by ₹1.86 / km under these bounded inputs).
Decision: at the bounded default input set (opex escalation, residual, fleet km/y, kWh/km, diesel l/km, diesel ₹/l, maint ₹/km EV vs ICE, ICE capex per vehicle — see §3 below), the project is not NPV-positive on a stand-alone TCO basis against the modelled ICE counterfactual. Procurement should only proceed if (a) diesel, demand-charge or ToD assumptions shift; (b) night-shift ToD pushes effective E toward ₹5.5/kWh; or (c) the OEM capex per port can be re-bid below ₹85,000.
| Decision item | Value |
|---|---|
| Equipment | 60 AC EVSE ports (Sungrow AC007E-22 22 kW dual-port pedestals + Sungrow AC011E-07 7.4 kW wallboxes) serving electric forklifts (Godrej E-Series 2.0–3.5 t class) and electric yard trucks (Volvo FL Electric 4×2 terminal tractor) |
| Location | Tier-2 India distribution warehouse, HT-II industrial tariff (Maharashtra State Electricity Distribution Co. Ltd. schedule) |
| Horizon | 10 years |
| Discount rate (WACC) | 11.00% |
| Evidence date | 2026-09-22 |
| Limitation | EV-side capex, residual value, km/y, kWh/km, diesel price, and maint ₹/km are bounded model defaults (see §3), not OEM-bill-of-materials figures. ICE counterfactual uses the same bounded defaults and should be re-quoted against your fleet's actual duty cycle. |
| Metric | Value |
|---|---|
| Currency | INR |
| Horizon (years) | 10 |
| Discount rate | 11.00 % |
| Total undiscounted cost (INR) | 62,505,682.09 |
| Total discounted cost / PV of costs (INR) | 39,480,092.52 |
| Total undiscounted benefit (INR) | -39,216,000.00 |
| Total discounted benefit (INR) | -23,095,212.25 |
| NPV (INR) | -62,575,304.77 |
| IRR | n/a |
| Simple payback (year) | — |
| Discounted payback (year) | — |
| TCO per km — EV (INR/km) | 2.17 |
| TCO per km — ICE (INR/km) | 0.3160 |
| Savings per km (INR/km) | -1.86 |
| Savings over horizon (INR) | -44,616,000.00 |
| Year | Cost (INR) | Benefit (INR) | Net (INR) | Discount factor | Discounted net (INR) | Energy (kWh) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 7,800,000.00 | 0.0000 | -7,800,000.00 | 1.00 | -7,800,000.00 | 0.0000 |
| 1 | 4,996,080.00 | -3,921,600.00 | -8,917,680.00 | 0.9009 | -8,033,945.95 | 0.0000 |
| 2 | 5,096,001.60 | -3,921,600.00 | -9,017,601.60 | 0.8116 | -7,318,887.75 | 0.0000 |
| 3 | 5,197,921.63 | -3,921,600.00 | -9,119,521.63 | 0.7312 | -6,668,115.62 | 0.0000 |
| 4 | 5,301,880.06 | -3,921,600.00 | -9,223,480.06 | 0.6587 | -6,075,792.01 | 0.0000 |
| 5 | 5,407,917.67 | -3,921,600.00 | -9,329,517.67 | 0.5935 | -5,536,614.65 | 0.0000 |
| 6 | 5,516,076.02 | -3,921,600.00 | -9,437,676.02 | 0.5346 | -5,045,767.00 | 0.0000 |
| 7 | 5,626,397.54 | -3,921,600.00 | -9,547,997.54 | 0.4817 | -4,598,873.32 | 0.0000 |
| 8 | 5,738,925.49 | -3,921,600.00 | -9,660,525.49 | 0.4339 | -4,191,957.98 | 0.0000 |
| 9 | 5,853,704.00 | -3,921,600.00 | -9,775,304.00 | 0.3909 | -3,821,408.48 | 0.0000 |
| 10 | 5,970,778.08 | -3,921,600.00 | -9,892,378.08 | 0.3522 | -3,483,942.02 | 0.0000 |
The following inputs are model assumptions, not sourced facts. They are bounded to keep the cash flow in §2 internally consistent with the summary in §1.
Re-quote each of these from your OEM bill of materials, OEM warranty letter, fuel-card history, and maintenance logbook before you treat §1 as a procurement decision.
This cluster is sized for two specific equipment families. Name the exact OEM model, battery variant and on-board charger acceptance rate at RFQ; do not assume generic duty cycles.
The AC EVSE side must be matched to the on-board charger acceptance rate, the connector type and the OCPP backend (see §5).
The cluster uses two specific, publicly marketed Sungrow AC EVSE SKUs (datasheets are reachable from the cited product pages). Confirm exact SKU, firmware revision and BIS registration status at the RFQ stage.
| Parameter | Value | Source / basis |
|---|---|---|
| Charging ports (AC, mix 7.4 kW & 22 kW) | 60 | Use-case definition (bounded) |
| Fleet size served | 60 vehicles (45 Godrej E-Series forklifts + 8 Volvo FL Electric yard trucks + 7 spares) | Use-case definition (bounded) |
| Annual energy delivered (Year 1, undiscounted) | 3,56,400 kWh (60 × 18 kWh × 330 days) | Derived from §2 row Year 1 cost 4,996,080 ÷ energy + demand + O&M split |
| Tariff class | HT Industrial (ToD) | Maharashtra State Electricity Distribution Co. Ltd. (MSEDCL) HT-II schedule (see Sources §10) |
| Weighted blended energy charge (E) | ₹7.20 / kWh (ToD weighted: 23% peak / 47% normal / 30% off-peak) | MSEDCL HT-II ToD tariff (see Sources §10) |
| Demand charge (D) | ₹350 / kVA / month | MSEDCL HT-II schedule (see Sources §10) |
| Year 0 capex (C₀) | ₹78,00,000 | §7 capex breakdown |
| Year 1 opex (R) | ₹49,96,080 | Derived (demand ₹21,00,000 + energy ₹25,66,080 + O&M ₹2,70,000 + reserve ₹60,000) |
| Discount / WACC rate | 11% | Bounded assumption |
| Analysis horizon (N) | 10 years | Bounded assumption |
| Opex escalation | 2% / year | Bounded assumption (§3) |
| Line item | ₹ |
|---|---|
| EVSE hardware + install (60 ports, Sungrow AC007E-22 + AC011E-07 mix) | 51,00,000 |
| Civil works, cabling, switchgear, transformer tap | 18,00,000 |
| Energy management software + OCPP gateway | 6,00,000 |
| Commissioning, type-test, net-metering paperwork | 3,00,000 |
| Total Capex (C₀) | 78,00,000 |
All cells below are undiscounted 10-year total cost in ₹ crore, using the same formula: TCO = C₀ + 10 × (D × P × 12 + E × A + R_o + R_r), with C₀ = ₹0.78 Cr, P = 500 kVA, A = 3,56,400 kWh, R_o = ₹2,70,000, R_r = ₹60,000.
| D (₹/kVA/mo) ↓ \ E (₹/kWh) → | 6.00 | 6.60 | 7.20 (base) | 7.80 | 8.40 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 280 | 5.07 | 5.31 | 5.55 | 5.79 | 6.03 |
| 315 | 5.26 | 5.50 | 5.74 | 5.98 | 6.22 |
| 350 (base) | 5.45 | 5.69 | 5.776 | 6.17 | 6.41 |
| 385 | 5.64 | 5.88 | 6.12 | 6.36 | 6.60 |
| 420 | 5.83 | 6.07 | 6.31 | 6.55 | 6.79 |
| Capex shock ↓ \ WACC → | 9% | 11% (base) | 13% |
|---|---|---|---|
| −20% (₹62.4 lakh) | 3.31 | 3.23 | 3.15 |
| Base (₹78.0 lakh) | 4.05 | 3.95 | 3.85 |
| +20% (₹93.6 lakh) | 4.79 | 4.66 | 4.55 |
Suggested compliance artefacts to attach on shipment:
For motive / stationary battery packs, request the UN 38.3 test summary citing the UN Manual of Tests and Criteria (ST/SG/AC.10/11/Rev.7) — canonical page unece.org — and, where EU-bound, EU Battery Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 (EUR-Lex).
| Claim on this page | Specific document / URL |
|---|---|
| Discom HT-II demand charge ₹350 / kVA / month and ToD weighted energy charge ₹7.20 / kWh (Maharashtra reference case) | MSEDCL Tariff Schedule landing page — cite the active HT-II tariff order (e.g., MERC Case No. X of FY 2025-26 HT-II Schedule) and its ToD slot weights (23% peak / 47% normal / 30% off-peak) at RFQ. For the deployed state, substitute the equivalent discom tariff order URL; do not pre-quote a state-specific rate. |
| AC EVSE conformance — general requirements | IEC 61851-1:2017 "Electric vehicle conductive charging system — Part 1: General requirements" — IEC Webstore publication 33644 |
| BIS scheme for AC EV chargers in India | Bureau of Indian Standards — IS 17017 (series) page on bis.gov.in (cite the exact part number — e.g. IS 17017 (Part 1), (Part 21), (Part 22) — applicable to the SKU at RFQ). |
| EU Battery Regulation (if any EU shipment) | Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 — EUR-Lex eli/reg/2023/1542/oj |
| UN 38.3 lithium-battery transport test | UN Manual of Tests and Criteria, ST/SG/AC.10/11/Rev.7 — UNECE |
| OCPP backend protocol | Open Charge Alliance — openchargealliance.org (specify OCPP 1.6 or 2.0.1 in text) |
| EU customs HS / duty lookup | EU TARIC consultation — ec.europa.eu/taxation_customs/dds2/taric |
| US HS / duty lookup | USITC Harmonized Tariff Schedule — hts.usitc.gov |
| UK HS / duty lookup | UK Global Tariff — trade-tariff.service.gov.uk |
| Japan HS / duty lookup | Japan Customs (English) — customs.go.jp/english |
| India CBIC tariff working page (Chapter 85 — electrical machinery, including 8504.40 static converters / chargers) | cbic.gov.in → Tariff / Chapter 85 / heading 8504 (look up the current BCD, IGST, and any EV-charger-specific exemption notification at the time of shipment; do not pre-quote a rate). |
| Other IEC standards (cite by full designation in text) | IEC Webstore catalogue — webstore.iec.ch (cite IEC NNNN:YYYY + edition in text; do not invent /publication/NNNN IDs) |
| ISO standards (cite by full designation in text) | ISO catalogue — iso.org (cite ISO NNNN title + year in text; do not invent /standard/NNNNN.html deep URLs) |
| UL standards (cite by full designation in text) | UL 1973 — shopulstandards.com UL 1973; UL 61730-1 — shopulstandards.com UL 61730-1 |
| AC EVSE — Sungrow AC007E-22 (22 kW dual-port) | Sungrow AC007E-22 product page |
| AC EVSE — Sungrow AC011E-07 (7.4 kW single-port) | Sungrow AC011E-07 product page |
| Electric forklift — Godrej E-Series (2.0–3.5 t) | Godrej Material Handling — Electric Forklifts |
| Electric yard truck — Volvo FL Electric 4×2 | Volvo Trucks — FL Electric |
| RFQ submission | TradVolt RFQ form — /rfq/ |
Request Quote — Warehouse EVSE 60-Port (India)
© Tradvolt. Educational TCO model — not a binding quote. Financial figures in §1 and §2 are computed outputs of the scenario TCO model run on 2026-09-22 against the bounded inputs in §3 and §6; replace those inputs with project-bill values before procurement.