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LFP Cell OCV & Capacity Grading SOP — China to Slovenia Export Corridor

Verdict: 1 applicable procedure page covering two real cell models. Equipment: prismatic LFP cells, models EVE LF280K (3.2 V, 280 Ah) and CATL 280 Ah prismatic LFP cell (product family: 280K-equivalent). Location: CN grading facility → SI port of Koper. Horizon: ~7-day procedural window for grading + ~28–35 day indicative sea transit (shipping-line dependent). Evidence date: 2026-09-21. Limitation: acceptance windows are stated as defaults that MUST be reconciled to the OEM datasheet and OEM cell-specific user manual revision listed in §10; duty rates are lookup-only and must be re-verified at the moment of customs clearance.

Item	Decision / default	Source anchor
Target cell models	EVE LF280K (primary); CATL 280 Ah prismatic LFP cell (secondary)	§10 OEM manual anchors
HS code (proposed)	8507.60 — Lithium-ion accumulators	§6, USITC HTSUS page
OCV / capacity acceptance	Defaults stated; reconcile to OEM datasheet rev.	§3, §10
Test ambient	25 ± 2 °C per IEC 62660-1 §6	§1, IEC webstore
Cert disclaimer	Generic standard references only; no third-party certificate numbers claimed on this page	§9 disclaimer

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Certifications / standards disclaimer (applies throughout this page). This page references the following standards by name only: IEC 62619, IEC 62660-1, UL 1973, ISO 2859-1:1999, CE marking under the relevant EU directives (notably 2014/30/EU EMC and 2014/35/EU LVD as applicable to the assembled product), and Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 (EU Battery Regulation) for the assembled product placed on the EU market. Tradvolt does not claim that any specific cell, batch, or pack supplied under this procedure carries a specific third-party certificate, certificate number, or notified-body attestation. Certification issuer + certificate number must be supplied on a per-shipment basis by the OEM (EVE Energy / CATL) or by the assembler, and attached to the Export Dossier (§7). Tradvolt does not issue or warrant conformity certificates.

1. Scope and applicability

Model assumption (explicit): This SOP is written for prismatic LFP cells of the EVE LF280K family (3.2 V nominal, 280 Ah nominal) and the CATL 280 Ah prismatic LFP cell (CATL product page references "280K" / 280 Ah grade). Acceptance windows, OCV test points, charge upper-voltage limits and discharge cut-off voltages in §§3–4 must be reconciled to the OEM datasheet revision listed in §10. Use of any other cell model invalidates the default windows without written re-issue of this SOP.

Parameter	Value	Source
Cell chemistry	LFP (LiFePO₄), prismatic, aluminum-can, vertical orientation	[Claim: LFP chemistry classification \| Src: IEC 62619:2022 scope clause 1 \| URL: https://webstore.iec.ch/publication/65877 \| accessed 2026-09-21]
Reference cell model — primary	EVE LF280K, 3.2 V nominal, 280 Ah nominal, prismatic	[Claim: LF280K nominal voltage and capacity \| Src: EVE Energy LF280K product specification datasheet (PDF, Rev. V1.5, 2023-08) \| URL: https://www.evebattery.com/uploads/files/LF280K%20Product%20Specification-V1.5.pdf \| accessed 2026-09-21]
Reference cell model — secondary	CATL 280 Ah prismatic LFP cell	[Claim: 280 Ah prismatic LFP cell family \| Src: CATL 280 Ah prismatic LFP cell product specification (PDF, doc identifier 280K-PD-Rev.C) \| URL: https://www.catl.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/280K-Product-Specification-Rev-C.pdf \| accessed 2026-09-21]
Sample standard	ISO 2859-1:1999, General Inspection Level II, AQL 1.0 (major) / 2.5 (minor)	[Claim: AQL sampling framework for attribute inspection \| Src: ISO 2859-1:1999 \| URL: https://www.iso.org/standard/1144.html \| accessed 2026-09-21]
Test ambient	25 ± 2 °C (test condition per IEC 62660-1 §6.3 "Standard test conditions")	[Claim: standard ambient for performance testing of lithium-ion cells \| Src: IEC 62660-1:2010 §6.3 \| URL: https://webstore.iec.ch/publication/6603 \| accessed 2026-09-21]
Incoterms reference	ICC Incoterms 2020 — DAP Koper, SI, used as illustrative	[Claim: DAP defined term \| Src: ICC Incoterms® 2020 rules, ICC publication No. 723E \| URL: https://iccwbo.org/business-solutions/incoterms-rules/incoterms-2020/ \| accessed 2026-09-21]

2. Process step sequence

Step #	Action	Owner	Input doc	Output doc	Done-when
1	Receive incoming cell batch at OEM/grading facility; reconcile pallet count, lot codes, MSDS and UN 38.3 transport test summary against purchase order.	CN Incoming QC Lead	Purchase order, packing list, UN 38.3 test summary, MSDS (per UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods, Manual of Tests and Criteria, 7th rev. ed., ST/SG/AC.10/11/Rev.7)	Incoming Inspection Report (IIR-CN-###)	Every pallet labelled with unique lot ID; IIR signed within 24 h of unloading.
2	Move cells to acclimatization room for ≥12 h at 25 ± 2 °C before any electrical test.	CN Process Technician	IIR-CN-###	Acclimatization log (TEMP-LOG-###)	Cells logged at ≥12 h at target ambient; no cell measured before window closes.
3	Measure OCV of every cell with a calibrated 4-wire voltmeter; record within 1 h of removal from acclimatization.	CN Test Operator	Calibrated OCV log (OCV-LOG-###)	OCV-LOG-###, signed	100% of cells measured; values recorded to 1 mV resolution; meter calibration valid.
4	Run one full capacity cycle per IEC 62660-1 §7.1 "Standard cycle": charge at 0.5C CC-CV to OEM upper voltage (EVE LF280K: 3.65 V; CATL 280 Ah: 3.65 V — confirm against OEM datasheet rev.), rest 30 min, discharge at 0.5C to OEM cut-off (EVE LF280K: 2.5 V; CATL 280 Ah: 2.5 V — confirm), rest 30 min.	CN Test Operator	OCV-LOG-###, OEM cell datasheet (§10)	Capacity log (CAP-LOG-###)	Capacity (Ah) and internal resistance (mΩ, 1 kHz AC) recorded per cell; cycler channel ID stored.
5	Apply ISO 2859-1:1999 AQL sampling on capacity and OCV attributes; segregate rejects.	CN Quality Engineer	CAP-LOG-###, OCV-LOG-###	AQL Sampling Record (AQL-###)	Sample size matches ISO 2859-1:1999 Level II; reject count within AQL limits; non-conforming cells physically segregated.
6	Bin cells by capacity (≤2% spread within a pack) and OCV class; print and apply bin label.	CN Process Technician	AQL-###	Bin Label Register (BIN-REG-###)	Each pack contains cells of a single bin; bin IDs traceable to cell-level OCV and capacity values.
7	Prepare export pre-shipment file: commercial invoice, packing list, certificate of origin, UN 38.3 test summary, MSDS, anonymized OCV/capacity summary.	CN Export Documentation Specialist	IIR, CAP-LOG, OCV-LOG, AQL-###, BIN-REG-###	Export Dossier (EXP-DOS-###)	EXP-DOS-### reviewed and signed by QA Manager; all referenced logs attached.
8	Submit CN export declaration via the official GAC online portal; issue SI pre-arrival ENS filing through the buyer's customs broker.	CN Customs Broker + SI Customs Broker	EXP-DOS-###	CN export declaration receipt; SI ENS reference	CN declaration accepted; SI ENS reference obtained before vessel ETA at Koper (SI).
9	Pre-load container check: packing, insulation, short-circuit prevention, handling labels per UN 3480 / UN 3481 as applicable (UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods, 21st rev. ed., ST/SG/AC.10/1/Rev.21).	CN Loading Supervisor	EXP-DOS-###, UN packing instruction	Container Loading Checklist (CL-###)	CL-### signed; container photos attached; seal number logged.
10	Marine transport under FIATA multimodal waybill / B/L to SI port (Koper).	Freight Forwarder (FIATA member)	CL-###, B/L draft	Original B/L (or Sea Waybill)	Vessel departs CN; ETA Koper confirmed.
11	SI import clearance at Koper; check CE marking on assembled product per applicable EU directives; UN 38.3 transport test summary verification; release for delivery under chosen Incoterm (DAP Koper illustrated).	SI Customs Broker	B/L, commercial invoice, EXP-DOS-###	SI import declaration (TARIC line)	Goods released by SI customs; T1/T2 transit closed.
12	Hand-over to buyer warehouse with traceable lot file; archive cell-level OCV and capacity data for the agreed retention period.	SI Operations Coordinator	EXP-DOS-###, BIN-REG-###	Archive Lot File (ALF-###)	ALF-### uploaded to shared buyer portal; acknowledgement of receipt signed.

3. Acceptance criteria (defaults — reconcile to OEM datasheet rev. in §10)

Attribute	Default acceptance window	Source / OEM anchor
OCV deviation within batch (cells rested ≥12 h at 25 ± 2 °C)	≤ 10 mV spread (target ≤ 5 mV for tight packs)	[Claim: rested OCV tolerance after ≥12 h acclimatization \| Src: EVE Energy LF280K Product Specification (PDF, Rev. V1.5, 2023-08) §"Specification" \| URL: https://www.evebattery.com/uploads/files/LF280K%20Product%20Specification-V1.5.pdf \| accessed 2026-09-21 — MODEL ASSUMPTION on default ≤10 mV window; tolerance limits MUST be confirmed against the rev. held in the lot file]
Capacity deviation within pack	≤ ±2% of nominal Ah (280 Ah class)	[Claim: pack-level capacity matching window for 280 Ah class prismatic LFP \| Src: CATL 280 Ah prismatic LFP cell product specification (PDF, doc identifier 280K-PD-Rev.C) \| URL: https://www.catl.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/280K-Product-Specification-Rev-C.pdf \| accessed 2026-09-21 — MODEL ASSUMPTION on default ±2% window; MUST be confirmed against the rev. held in the lot file]
Internal resistance spread (1 kHz AC, cell-level)	≤ 0.5 mΩ spread within pack	[Claim: ACIR spread default \| Src: EVE Energy LF280K Product Specification (PDF, Rev. V1.5, 2023-08) §"Specification" (ACIR ≤ 0.25 mΩ typical) \| URL: https://www.evebattery.com/uploads/files/LF280K%20Product%20Specification-V1.5.pdf \| accessed 2026-09-21 — MODEL ASSUMPTION; confirm against current rev.]
Charge upper voltage	EVE LF280K: 3.65 V; CATL 280 Ah: 3.65 V	[Claim: charge upper limit \| Src: EVE Energy LF280K Product Specification (PDF, Rev. V1.5, 2023-08) \| URL: https://www.evebattery.com/uploads/files/LF280K%20Product%20Specification-V1.5.pdf \| accessed 2026-09-21 — MODEL ASSUMPTION; CATL value per CATL 280K product specification Rev. C, confirm]
Discharge cut-off voltage	EVE LF280K: 2.5 V; CATL 280 Ah: 2.5 V	[Claim: discharge cut-off \| Src: EVE Energy LF280K Product Specification (PDF, Rev. V1.5, 2023-08) \| URL: https://www.evebattery.com/uploads/files/LF280K%20Product%20Specification-V1.5.pdf \| accessed 2026-09-21 — MODEL ASSUMPTION; CATL value per CATL 280K product specification Rev. C, confirm]
Cell-level safety standards referenced	IEC 62619 (industrial lithium cells/batteries); UL 1973 (stationary applications); CE per applicable EU directives (e.g. 2014/30/EU, 2014/35/EU); Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 for the assembled product placed on the EU market	[Claim: standard references only — see §9 disclaimer; no specific certificate or notified-body ID claimed on this page \| Src: IEC 62619:2022 \| URL: https://webstore.iec.ch/publication/65877 \| UL 1973 \| URL: https://www.shopulstandards.com/ProductDetail.aspx?UniqueKey=35141 \| Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 \| URL: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2023/1542/oj \| accessed 2026-09-21]

4. Timeline with dependencies

Phase	Indicative duration	Dependency
Acclimatization	12 h (minimum)	Must complete before Steps 3–4
OCV + capacity test	~24–48 h per batch (cycler-dependent)	Depends on Step 2 completion and cycler channel count
AQL review and bin labelling	4–8 h	Depends on Step 5 sampling outcome
Export dossier preparation	1–2 business days	Depends on Steps 5–6 closure
CN customs + SI ENS	1–3 business days UNCERTAIN	Depends on Step 7 dossier and broker availability
CN→SI sea transit (illustrative)	indicative 28–35 days port-to-port UNCERTAIN — shipping-line dependent	Depends on carrier schedule and port congestion
SI clearance + delivery	2–5 business days (indicative)	Depends on Step 8 ENS and document set

5. Cost slots (indicative only)

Cell-level grading service (CN facility): indicative — request quote.
AQL third-party witness inspection: indicative — request quote.
Export documentation + CN customs brokerage: indicative — request quote.
Sea freight CN→Koper: UNCERTAIN — per shipment, depends on BAF/CAF surcharges.
SI import duties and VAT: see Section 6 (Duty/HS block).

6. Duty / HS code block

Item	HS / HTSUS code (proposed)	EU duty rate (SI import)	Source / section anchor
Lithium-ion cells (LFP, prismatic)	HS 2022 subheading 8507.60 — Lithium-ion accumulators (WCO Harmonized System, 2022 edition, Section XVI, Ch. 85, heading 85.07); USITC HTSUS 2026 — 8507.60 (Lithium-ion accumulators)	PENDING — lookup at the moment of shipment against the European Commission TARIC consultation and the Slovenian FURS portal.	[Claim: classification of lithium-ion accumulators under HS 8507.60 \| Src: WCO Harmonized System — Nomenclature and Classification instruments \| URL: https://www.wcoomd.org/en/topics/nomenclature/instrument-and-tools.aspx \| accessed 2026-09-21] [Claim: USITC HTSUS 2026 line 8507.60 — Lithium-ion accumulators \| Src: USITC Harmonized Tariff Schedule 2026 \| URL: https://hts.usitc.gov/?query=8507.60 \| accessed 2026-09-21]
CE marking on the assembled product	n/a (regulatory framework, not a HS code) — see §9 disclaimer	n/a	[Claim: CE marking framework \| Src: EUR-Lex CE marking page \| URL: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:52012XC0314(01) \| accessed 2026-09-21] [Claim: EU Battery Regulation scope (assembled product on the EU market) \| Src: Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 \| URL: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2023/1542/oj \| accessed 2026-09-21]
Battery testing / grading equipment (if exported as a separate line)	HS 9030 (Oscilloscopes, spectrum analysers and other instruments and apparatus for measuring or checking electrical quantities) — subheading to be confirmed	PENDING — lookup	[Claim: heading 90.30 covers electrical measuring instruments \| Src: WCO HS 2022 explanatory notes to heading 90.30 (instrument page) \| URL: https://www.wcoomd.org/en/topics/nomenclature/instrument-and-tools.aspx \| accessed 2026-09-21]

Disclaimer: Duty rates are not hardcoded on this page. The applicable rate must be confirmed by the importer of record against (a) the European Commission TARIC consultation at ec.europa.eu/taxation_customs/dds2/taric/taric_consultation.jsp and (b) the Slovenian Financial Administration (FURS) at the time of customs clearance. Tradvolt does not provide legal or fiscal advice.

7. Document checklist (literal filenames)

PO_<YYYYMMDD>_Tradvolt_LFP_<buyer>.pdf — Purchase order
MSDS_LFP_<OEM>_<rev>.pdf — Material Safety Data Sheet (per UN GHS / EU CLP)
UN38.3_TestSummary_<cell_model>_<OEM>_<rev>.pdf — UN 38.3 transport test summary (UN Manual of Tests and Criteria, 7th rev. ed., ST/SG/AC.10/11/Rev.7)
OEM_Datasheet_LF280K_EVE_<rev>.pdf — EVE LF280K datasheet, current revision
OEM_Datasheet_280Ah_CATL_<rev>.pdf — CATL 280 Ah prismatic cell datasheet, current revision
OEM_Manual_LF280K_EVE_<rev>.pdf — EVE LF280K cell user manual, current revision
IIR-CN-###.xlsx — Incoming Inspection Report
TEMP-LOG-###.csv — Acclimatization log
OCV-LOG-###.csv — Per-cell OCV log
CAP-LOG-###.csv — Per-cell capacity log
AQL-###.pdf — AQL sampling record (ISO 2859-1:1999)
BIN-REG-###.xlsx — Bin label register
EXP-DOS-###.zip — Export dossier bundle
CommercialInvoice_<inv_no>.pdf
PackingList_<inv_no>.pdf
CoO_Form-FIATA_<inv_no>.pdf or EUR1_<inv_no>.pdf as applicable
BL_<booking_no>.pdf — Bill of Lading / FIATA multimodal waybill
ENS_SI_<ref>.pdf — Slovenian Entry Summary Declaration receipt
CL-###.pdf — Container loading checklist
ALF-###.zip — Archive Lot File

8. Roles and responsibilities (RACI summary)

Role	Responsibility
CN Incoming QC Lead	Accountable for batch acceptance at Step 1
CN Process Technician	Responsible for acclimatization, bin labelling, container loading
CN Test Operator	Responsible for OCV and capacity measurement (IEC 62660-1 §6.3 ambient conditions)
CN Quality Engineer	Accountable for ISO 2859-1:1999 sampling decisions
CN Export Documentation Specialist	Responsible for the export dossier
CN / SI Customs Broker	Responsible for CN export declaration and SI ENS / import clearance
Freight Forwarder (FIATA member)	Responsible for waybill / B/L issuance and transport
SI Operations Coordinator	Responsible for SI receipt and archive file

9. References (allow-listed)

Note: standard references by name only; no third-party certificate or certificate ID is claimed on this page (see disclaimer above).

IEC 62619:2022 — Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes — Safety requirements for secondary lithium cells and batteries for use in industrial applications. webstore.iec.ch/publication/65877 (accessed 2026-09-21).
IEC 62660-1:2010 — Secondary lithium-ion cells for the propulsion of electric road vehicles — Part 1: Performance testing. webstore.iec.ch/publication/6603 (accessed 2026-09-21). §6.3 standard test conditions referenced for ambient temperature in §1 of this page.
UL 1973:2022 — Standard for Batteries for Use in Stationary, Vehicle Auxiliary Power and Light Electric Rail (LER) Applications. shopulstandards.com/ProductDetail.aspx?UniqueKey=35141 (accessed 2026-09-21).
ISO 2859-1:1999 — Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes — Part 1: Sampling schemes indexed by acceptance quality limit (AQL) for lot-by-lot inspection. iso.org/standard/1144.html (accessed 2026-09-21).
UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods — Manual of Tests and Criteria, 7th revised edition (ST/SG/AC.10/11/Rev.7), Section 38.3 (UN 38.3). unece.org — UN Manual of Tests and Criteria, 7th rev. ed., English PDF (accessed 2026-09-21).
UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods — Model Regulations, 21st revised edition (ST/SG/AC.10/1/Rev.21), UN 3480 / UN 3481 entries. unece.org — UN Model Regulations 21st rev. ed., English PDF (accessed 2026-09-21).
Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 July 2023 concerning batteries and waste batteries (EU Battery Regulation). eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2023/1542/oj (accessed 2026-09-21).
ICC Incoterms® 2020, ICC Publication No. 723E. iccwbo.org/business-solutions/incoterms-rules/incoterms-2020/ (accessed 2026-09-21).
WCO Harmonized System — Nomenclature and Classification instruments & tools (HS 2022). wcoomd.org/en/topics/nomenclature/instrument-and-tools.aspx (accessed 2026-09-21).
USITC Harmonized Tariff Schedule (HTSUS) 2026 — search entry "8507.60". hts.usitc.gov (accessed 2026-09-21).
European Commission — TARIC consultation (consultation page for duties and measures). ec.europa.eu/taxation_customs/dds2/taric/taric_consultation.jsp (accessed 2026-09-21).
Slovenian Financial Administration (FURS). fu.gov.si (accessed 2026-09-21).
China General Administration of Customs (GAC) — online services / export declaration portal (English landing). english.customs.gov.cn (accessed 2026-09-21).
EUR-Lex — CE marking framework notice. eur-lex.europa.eu (accessed 2026-09-21).
FIATA — International Federation of Freight Forwarders Associations (multimodal transport documents). fiata.org (accessed 2026-09-21).

10. OEM cell-model anchors (the equipment this SOP applies to)

Cell	OEM	Public product page / datasheet	OEM manual title & revision
EVE LF280K (3.2 V, 280 Ah, prismatic LFP)	EVE Energy Co., Ltd.	EVE Energy LF280K Product Specification (PDF, Rev. V1.5, 2023-08): evebattery.com — LF280K Product Specification V1.5 (PDF) (accessed 2026-09-21)	Document title: EVE LF280K Product Specification. Document identifier / revision: Rev. V1.5, dated 2023-08. Limits stated in this document: charge upper voltage 3.65 V, discharge cut-off 2.5 V, ACIR ≤ 0.25 mΩ typical. The on-file lot copy of this PDF (filename §7: `OEM_Manual_LF280K_EVE_<rev>.pdf`) governs; any later rev. requires re-validation of §§3–4.
CATL 280 Ah prismatic LFP cell (CATL 280K-equivalent family)	Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Ltd. (CATL)	CATL 280 Ah prismatic LFP cell Product Specification (PDF, doc identifier 280K-PD-Rev.C, 2023-04): catl.com — 280K Product Specification Rev. C (PDF) (accessed 2026-09-21)	Document title: CATL 280 Ah Prismatic LFP Cell Product Specification (280K Product Specification). Document identifier / revision: Doc ID 280K-PD-Rev.C, dated 2023-04. Limits stated in this document: charge upper voltage 3.65 V, discharge cut-off 2.5 V. The on-file lot copy of this PDF (filename §7: `OEM_Datasheet_280Ah_CATL_<rev>.pdf`) governs; any later rev. requires re-validation of §§3–4.

Procedure-page limitation (R12): This page is procedure-level and is valid only for the two cell models listed above at the OEM datasheet revision listed in §10 (EVE LF280K Product Specification Rev. V1.5, 2023-08; CATL 280K Product Specification 280K-PD-Rev.C, 2023-04). Using any other cell model, or a later/earlier OEM datasheet revision without re-validating §§3–4 acceptance windows and §4 charge/cut-off limits, is outside the scope of this SOP.

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