Factory Rooftop 10 kW On-Grid Inverter — CN→SG Import TCO

Name: Sungrow SG10RT — 10 kW Three-Phase On-Grid Inverter — Factory Rooftop Use-Case (CN→SG)
Brand: Sungrow

TradVolt › Use-Cases › Factory Rooftop 10 kW › Singapore Import & TCO
Evidence date: 2026-09-22 · Page horizon: 25 years · Currency: USD

Sungrow SG10RT — 10 kW On-Grid Inverter (CN→SG, Factory Rooftop) — Import TCO

Verdict (per scenario model, 25-year horizon, 8.00% discount rate): NPV = USD 18,242.58 · Discounted payback = 1.93 years · Simple payback = 1.72 years · LCOE = USD 0.0186 / kWh · IRR = 58.74%. Equipment: Sungrow SG10RT three-phase 10 kW on-grid inverter (datasheet via RFQ). Location: factory rooftop, Singapore. Horizon: 25 years. Evidence date: 2026-09-22. Limitation: yields, tariffs and OpEx are bounded model assumptions; the self-consumption percentage and export-tariff rate are explicit bounded defaults not in the computed table — duty/GST, OEM unit price and installed configuration must be confirmed at RFQ against the Singapore Customs tariff and the Sungrow datasheet.

Decision table — headlined results
Metric	Value	Source
Equipment	Sungrow SG10RT (10 kW, 3-phase, on-grid)	Sungrow datasheet (via RFQ)
Location	Singapore factory rooftop	EMA Solar PV Handbook (link §6)
Horizon	25 years	Scenario model input
Discount rate	8.00 %	Scenario model input
NPV	USD 18,242.58	scenario TCO summary table
IRR	0.5874 (58.74%)	scenario TCO summary table
Simple payback	1.7244 years (1.72 yr)	scenario TCO summary table
Discounted payback	1.9305 years (1.93 yr)	scenario TCO summary table
LCOE	USD 0.0186 / kWh	scenario TCO summary table
Total discounted cost (PV)	USD 3,200.00	scenario TCO summary table
Total discounted benefit	USD 21,442.58	scenario TCO summary table
Total undiscounted benefit (25 yr)	USD 52,144.95	scenario TCO summary table

1. Equipment & Use-Case Profile

2. CapEx — Capital Expenditure

Parameter	Value	Citation
Inverter model	Sungrow SG10RT — 10 kW AC, three-phase, on-grid	[Claim \| Src: Sungrow SG10RT string-inverter family listing (exact datasheet PDF provided on RFQ reply) \| URL: https://www.sungrowpower.com/en/products/string-inverter \| accessed 2026-09-22]
Manufacturer	Sungrow Power Supply Co., Ltd.	[Claim \| Src: Sungrow corporate site (model listings) \| URL: https://www.sungrowpower.com/en/products/string-inverter \| accessed 2026-09-22]
Application	Factory rooftop, self-consumption + export	Model assumption
Recommended DC sizing	~12 kWp PV modules (DC/AC ratio 1.2) — bounded model assumption; confirm DC/AC ratio against OEM datasheet on RFQ reply	Model assumption
Grid interface	400 V AC, 50 Hz, Singapore (standard LV supply — model assumption; confirm against the Transmission Code on RFQ reply)	[Claim \| Src: EMA Transmission Code — grid connection requirements, lookup path \| URL: https://www.ema.gov.sg/resources/transmission-code \| accessed 2026-09-22]

The scenario TCO assumes a total landed CapEx of USD 3,200.00 at year 0 (see TCO summary). The breakdown below is shown for transparency only — no other line items, derived totals or proportions are implied by the model.

3. OpEx — Operating Expenditure (Years 1–25)

Line Item	Description	USD	Citation
Sungrow SG10RT unit (EXW China) + BoS accessories + freight + SG import duty + GST + EMA-licensed install	Total landed CapEx (bundled)	3,200.00	[Claim \| Src: total cost (year 0) per scenario TCO model — single bundled line; HS national line and SG Customs duty/GST rates to be confirmed at RFQ \| URL: https://www.customs.gov.sg — Singapore Customs tariff portal, HS national subheading 8504.40 \| accessed 2026-09-22]
Singapore import duty	On CIF value	PENDING — lookup	[Claim \| Src: Singapore Customs tariff portal, HS 8504.40 (static converters/inverters) \| URL: https://www.customs.gov.sg — HS national subheading 8504.40 \| accessed 2026-09-22]
GST	On (CIF + duty)	PENDING — lookup	[Claim \| Src: IRAS GST portal; current rate to be confirmed \| URL: https://www.customs.gov.sg \| accessed 2026-09-22]

The scenario model carries OpEx at USD 0 per year on every line, producing a total discounted cost equal to the year-0 CapEx of USD 3,200.00. Any future OpEx must be entered as a bounded assumption and rerun through the model.

OpEx does NOT include DC cabling, PV modules, racking, SCADA, or financing cost. These belong to a wider BoS/rooftop TCO and are outside this inverter-focused scenario.

4. Inputs, Methodology & Bounded Assumptions

Line Item	Annual USD	5-Yr Total USD	Citation
Routine inspection	0.00	0.00	[Claim \| Src: per scenario model \| URL: n/a \| accessed 2026-09-22]
Firmware / monitoring	0.00	0.00	[Claim \| Src: per scenario model \| URL: n/a \| accessed 2026-09-22]
Insurance allocation	0.00	0.00	[Claim \| Src: per scenario model \| URL: n/a \| accessed 2026-09-22]
Spare parts reserve	0.00	0.00	[Claim \| Src: per scenario model \| URL: n/a \| accessed 2026-09-22]

Per the scenario model, the following bounded assumptions are used. They are NOT sourced facts; they are explicit model inputs stated up front so any buyer can rerun the calculation against their own OEM quote.

opex.fixed = USD 0 / year (zero OpEx across all 25 years; produces a 25-yr OpEx PV of USD 0).
residual_value.amount = USD 0 (no terminal residual at end of horizon).
residual_value.year = 25 (residual, if any, would be recognised at the end of the 25-year horizon).
asset.pv.specific_yield_kwh_per_kwp = implied ~1,680 kWh/kWp/yr in year 1, then 0.5% annual degradation (see below) — drives 16,800 kWh in year 1 and 14,895.78 kWh in year 25 (cash-flow table).
asset.pv.degradation_pct_per_year = 0.5%/yr (consistent with year-1 → year-25 energy drift visible in the cash-flow table).
asset.pv.tariff_escalation_pct = 1.0%/yr (consistent with the year-1 → year-25 benefit drift visible in the cash-flow table: USD 1,848.00 → USD 2,342.29).
asset.pv.self_consumption_pct = 100 % (bounded default; the scenario model uses one bundled blended tariff value of USD 0.11/kWh across self-consumed and exported kWh — see export-tariff default below).
asset.pv.export_tariff_per_kwh = USD 0.11/kWh (bounded default; this is a model assumption and must be replaced with the importer's confirmed import-tariff / avoided-cost rate and the SP Group or EMA-recognised export rate before binding procurement).
Discount rate = 8.00 % | Horizon = 25 years | Currency = USD.

No additional financial figures (LCOE, IRR, NPV, payback, yearly net) are computed on this page beyond those in the scenario TCO tables below.

5. scenario TCO Tables (verbatim)

6. Compliance, Standards & Certifications

TradVolt does not display OEM logos, certificates, or registration numbers unless they appear on the OEM datasheet attached to the RFQ reply.

7. Duty / HS / GST Block

TCO summary
Metric	Value
Currency	USD
Horizon (years)	25
Discount rate	8.00 %
Total undiscounted cost (USD)	3,200.00
Total discounted cost / PV of costs (USD)	3,200.00
Total undiscounted benefit (USD)	52,144.95
Total discounted benefit (USD)	21,442.58
NPV (USD)	18,242.58
IRR	0.5874
Simple payback (year)	1.72
Discounted payback (year)	1.93
LCOE (USD/kWh)	0.0186

Year-by-year cash flow
Year	Cost (USD)	Benefit (USD)	Net (USD)	Discount factor	Discounted net (USD)	Energy (kWh)
0	3,200.00	0.0000	-3,200.00	1.00	-3,200.00	0.0000
1	0.0000	1,848.00	1,848.00	0.9259	1,711.11	16,800.00
2	0.0000	1,866.34	1,866.34	0.8573	1,600.09	16,716.00
3	0.0000	1,884.86	1,884.86	0.7938	1,496.27	16,632.42
4	0.0000	1,903.57	1,903.57	0.7350	1,399.18	16,549.26
5	0.0000	1,922.47	1,922.47	0.6806	1,308.40	16,466.51
6	0.0000	1,941.55	1,941.55	0.6302	1,223.50	16,384.18
7	0.0000	1,960.82	1,960.82	0.5835	1,144.12	16,302.26
8	0.0000	1,980.28	1,980.28	0.5403	1,069.88	16,220.75
9	0.0000	1,999.93	1,999.93	0.5002	1,000.46	16,139.64
10	0.0000	2,019.78	2,019.78	0.4632	935.55	16,058.94
11	0.0000	2,039.83	2,039.83	0.4289	874.85	15,978.65
12	0.0000	2,060.07	2,060.07	0.3971	818.08	15,898.76
13	0.0000	2,080.52	2,080.52	0.3677	765.00	15,819.26
14	0.0000	2,101.17	2,101.17	0.3405	715.37	15,740.17
15	0.0000	2,122.02	2,122.02	0.3152	668.95	15,661.47
16	0.0000	2,143.08	2,143.08	0.2919	625.55	15,583.16
17	0.0000	2,164.35	2,164.35	0.2703	584.96	15,505.24
18	0.0000	2,185.83	2,185.83	0.2502	547.00	15,427.72
19	0.0000	2,207.53	2,207.53	0.2317	511.51	15,350.58
20	0.0000	2,229.44	2,229.44	0.2145	478.32	15,273.83
21	0.0000	2,251.56	2,251.56	0.1987	447.29	15,197.46
22	0.0000	2,273.91	2,273.91	0.1839	418.26	15,121.47
23	0.0000	2,296.48	2,296.48	0.1703	391.13	15,045.86
24	0.0000	2,319.27	2,319.27	0.1577	365.75	14,970.63
25	0.0000	2,342.29	2,342.29	0.1460	342.02	14,895.78

Standard / Scheme	Issuer	Citation
IEC 62109 (inverter safety)	IEC	[Claim \| Src: IEC Webstore catalogue entry IEC 62109 (Safety of power converters for use in photovoltaic power systems) \| URL: https://webstore.iec.ch/en/publication/33644 — publication page; cite verbatim as IEC 62109 (edition per OEM datasheet) \| accessed 2026-09-22]
IEC 61727 (grid interface)	IEC	[Claim \| Src: IEC Webstore catalogue; full designation IEC 61727:2004 "Photovoltaic (PV) systems — Characteristics of the utility interface" \| URL: https://webstore.iec.ch/ — catalogue search "IEC 61727" \| accessed 2026-09-22]
IEEE 1547 (interconnection)	IEEE	[Claim \| Src: IEEE Standards Association standard IEEE Std 1547-2018 "IEEE Standard for Interconnection and Interoperability of Distributed Energy Resources with Associated Electric Power Systems Interfaces" \| URL: https://standards.ieee.org/ieee/1547/6827/ — exact standard page \| accessed 2026-09-22]
Singapore EMA registration	Energy Market Authority	[Claim \| Src: EMA Solar PV Handbook (PDF) \| URL: https://www.ema.gov.sg/ — EMA Solar PV Handbook under Resources/Publications \| accessed 2026-09-22]
Singapore Customs tariff (HS 8504.40)	Singapore Customs	[Claim \| Src: Singapore Customs tariff portal, HS national subheading 8504.40 (static converters/inverters) \| URL: https://www.customs.gov.sg — HS national subheading 8504.40 \| accessed 2026-09-22]
Singapore grid connection requirements	EMA Transmission Code (SP Group Open Data portal returns 404 as of 2026-09-22)	[Claim \| Src: SP Group Open Data URLs /opendata and /open-data both return 404 as of 2026-09-22; successor lookup: EMA Transmission Code \| URL: https://www.ema.gov.sg/resources/transmission-code \| accessed 2026-09-22]
Incoterms 2020 (trade terms)	ICC	[Claim \| Src: ICC Incoterms 2020 official rules page \| URL: https://iccwbo.org/business-solutions/incoterms-rules/incoterms-2020/ \| accessed 2026-09-22]

HS national line | Program | As-of: 2026-09-22 | SoT: PENDING — confirm at RFQ
HS national line: PENDING — lookup against Singapore Customs tariff (likely HS 8504.40 — static converters/inverters, verify on the official portal).
Import duty rate: PENDING — lookup — official portal: Singapore Customs (https://www.customs.gov.sg).
GST rate (current rate to be verified): PENDING — lookup — official portal: IRAS / Singapore Customs.
Source-of-truth URL: https://www.customs.gov.sg — accessed 2026-09-22.

TradVolt never hardcodes a duty or GST rate. The importer must complete the Singapore Customs tariff lookup for the specific 10 kW inverter SKU before CIF-to-DDP conversion.

8. RFQ & Datasheet

9. Frequently Asked Questions

Q1. What is the typical factory-rooftop use-case for a 10 kW on-grid inverter in Singapore?

A 10 kW three-phase on-grid inverter such as the Sungrow SG10RT suits small factory rooftops in Singapore where daytime self-consumption offsets grid import and excess kWh is exported. Sizing here assumes roughly 12 kWp of PV modules feeding the MPPT inputs.

Q2. Which Singapore compliance marks should I verify before import?

Verify IEC 62109 (inverter safety), IEC 61727 (grid interface characteristics), and registration/notification with EMA via a licensed electrical worker. Confirm against the OEM datasheet attached to the RFQ reply.

Q3. How is payback and NPV calculated on this page?

Payback, NPV, IRR and LCOE are taken verbatim from the scenario TCO tables on this page. Inputs (yield, tariff, escalation, discount rate, horizon) are listed as bounded assumptions in §4 and must be replaced with the buyer's OEM quote and a confirmed Singapore tariff lookup for binding numbers.

Q4. Does the page include Singapore import duty and GST?

The page does not hardcode duty/GST. The importer must confirm the HS national line (likely HS 8504.40 — static converters/inverters) and applicable rates against the Singapore Customs tariff portal. See §7.

Q5. Can I get the OEM datasheet and request a quote?

Yes. The RFQ form appears above the fold and at the end of the page; the OEM datasheet PDF link opens via the TradVolt RFQ flow.

Q6. What is NOT included in the TCO?

DC cabling, PV modules, mounting structure, monitoring subscriptions, SCADA, insurance, financing cost, and Singapore-specific installation labour. The inverter and immediate BoS accessories directly tied to the inverter are the only items in scope.