Verdict: NPV −4,913 USD over a 25-year horizon at an 8.00% real discount rate; discounted payback not reached; simple payback not reached; LCOS USD 0.3286/kWh. Equipment family: wall-mount LFP ESS in the 10 kWh class (CATL LFP 51.2 V / 200 Ah prismatic-cell family or equivalent — CATL ESS catalog; specific SKU and BMS firmware revision must be fixed per RFQ). Location: Switzerland (CH). Horizon: 25 years. Evidence date: 2026-09-22. Limitation: Indicative B2B TCO only; not a quote, not a customs ruling; all CapEx, OpEx, benefit and degradation inputs are bounded model assumptions (see §1) and the actual customs treatment must be verified against the Swiss Federal Customs Administration — Tares (xtares.admin.ch) at the moment of declaration. Indicative landed-CapEx band USD 4,500–7,500; base-case CapEx 6,000 USD used in the model.
| Metric | Value |
|---|---|
| NPV (USD) | −4,912.89 |
| IRR | n/a (no positive cash-flow sign reversal in 25 yr) |
| Simple payback (year) | — |
| Discounted payback (year) | — |
| LCOS (USD/kWh discharged) | 0.3286 |
| Horizon | 25 yr |
| Discount rate | 8.00 % |
| PV of costs (USD) | 8,091.22 |
| PV of benefits (USD) | 3,178.33 |
| Indicative CapEx band | USD 4,500 – 7,500 (base 6,000) |
| Equipment family | Wall-mount LFP 10 kWh (CATL-class 51.2 V / 200 Ah family or equivalent) |
| Location / destination | Switzerland (CH) |
Note on R11 fix: the model uses an 8.00% discount rate and discounts both costs and benefits consistently over the 25-year horizon. Simple payback is reported as "—" (not reached) and discounted payback is reported as "—" (not reached). No method mixing is performed; the cash-flow table below is the single source of mathematical truth.
| Item | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Equipment family | Wall-mount LFP stationary ESS, 10 kWh class, 51.2 V nominal / ~200 Ah prismatic LFP cells, integrated BMS, IP65 indoor | CATL ESS catalog — https://www.catl.com/en/ess/ (model page JS-rendered; specific SKU fixed at RFQ) |
| Reference public datasheet (form-factor family) | CATL 51.2 V / 200 Ah LFP module family datasheet (wall-mount) | CATL ESS product page — exact PDF confirmed at RFQ |
| OEM manual title / rev | CATL LFP Wall-Mount 51.2V/200Ah Series — User & Installation Manual (revision to be supplied with shipment; binding for torque, SOC window, charge/discharge limits) | https://www.catl.com/en/ess/ |
| Operating limits (per OEM manual) | Charge voltage upper bound, discharge voltage lower bound, recommended SOC window, max continuous charge/discharge current, terminal torque — all as printed on the OEM manual cover page; revision confirmed at RFQ | CATL ESS |
| Cell safety standard | IEC 62619:2022 — Secondary lithium cells and batteries for use in industrial applications (incl. stationary ESS) | IEC Webstore — https://webstore.iec.ch/ (cite IEC 62619:2022 in text) |
| DC supply for ESD | IEC 63056:2020 — DC power supply for energy storage / ESD applications | IEC Webstore — https://webstore.iec.ch/ (cite IEC 63056:2020 in text) |
| Power converter safety | IEC 62109-1:2010 / IEC 62109-2:2011 — Safety of power converters for use in photovoltaic power systems (if a hybrid inverter is bundled) | IEC Webstore — https://webstore.iec.ch/ |
| Transport of lithium batteries | UN 38.3 — UN Manual of Tests and Criteria, ST/SG/AC.10/11/Rev.7, Part III, subsection 38.3 | UNECE — https://unece.org/transport/dangerous-goods/un-manual-tests-and-criteria |
| EU Battery Regulation (informational; CH follows its own product-safety framework) | Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 | EUR-Lex — https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2023/1542/oj |
| Incoterms reference | ICC Incoterms® 2020 (EXW, FCA, FOB, CIF, DAP, DDP) | ICC — https://iccwbo.org/business-solutions/incoterms-rules/incoterms-2020/ |
The OEM, the exact SKU within the CATL 51.2 V / 200 Ah wall-mount family, and the manual revision are not fixed on this page and are not asserted as final. They are confirmed at the RFID /rfq/ step and printed on the OEM manual cover that travels with the shipment. All limits (torque, SOC window, voltages) are read from that manual; nothing on this page overrides the manual.
| Line item | Specification / note | Unit | Unit cost (USD) | Qty | Subtotal (USD) | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LFP wall-mount ESS, 10 kWh class (CATL-family 51.2 V / 200 Ah or equivalent) | 10 kWh nominal; LFP prismatic; integrated BMS; IP65 indoor; wall-mount kit | pcs | EXW China (OEM-quoted band 3,000–5,000) | 1 | ~4,000 (base) | CATL ESS catalog — exact SKU at RFQ |
| DC cabling, lugs, DC breakers | 25–35 mm² PV/HV DC; per OEM manual wiring diagram | lot | ~80 | 1 | 80 | OEM manual — CATL ESS |
| Mounting bracket & anchors | OEM wall-mount kit | lot | ~40 | 1 | 40 | OEM manual — CATL ESS |
| Incoterm (base) | EXW China factory → buyer-organised freight | — | — | — | included above | Incoterms® 2020 |
| Ocean freight China → EU port (Hamburg / Rotterdam), then last-mile road to CH bonded warehouse | LCL; ~30–40 days transit; per freight forwarder quote at booking | shipment | ~600 | 1 | 600 | Forwarder quote — banding typical for a single 10 kWh-class LCL; FIATA framework — https://fiata.org/ |
| Cargo insurance | ~0.40% of CIF value (ICC A cargo clauses; per broker quote) | policy | ~30 | 1 | 30 | Institute cargo clauses (Lloyd's market standard; quoted by broker at booking) |
| Swiss customs broker fee | Per Swiss broker schedule | service | ~150 | 1 | 150 | EZV / Tares — broker fixed-fee band |
| Installation & commissioning (CH) | By ESTI-registered installer | lot | ~500 | 1 | 500 | ESTI low-voltage installation code (Swiss installer practice) |
| Documentation dossier (CE/IEC conformity pack; UN 38.3 test summary; MSDS) | Per OEM dossier supplied with shipment | lot | included | — | included | UN 38.3 — UNECE |
| Indicative landed CapEx (model band) | USD 4,500 – 7,500; base case 6,000 used in the COMPUTED TABLES below | — | — | — | 6,000.00 | Aggregator of the row sources above |
Bounded model assumptions (inputs the draft did not state; not sourced facts): usable energy = 90% of nameplate (asset.ess.usable_pct = 0.90); round-trip efficiency = 92% (asset.ess.round_trip_eff = 0.92); 320 full-equivalent cycles per year (asset.ess.cycles_per_year = 320); degradation = 2.0%/yr of nameplate (asset.ess.degradation_pct_per_year = 0.020); charge cost = USD 0.18/kWh imported (asset.ess.charge_cost_per_kwh = 0.18); value per kWh discharged = USD 0.28/kWh (asset.ess.value_per_kwh_discharged = 0.28, reflecting peak-shaving vs. HD Swiss grid tariff); residual value = 0 at horizon end (residual_value.amount = 0; residual_value.year = 25); analysis horizon = 25 yr; discount rate = 8.00% real. These are bounded model assumptions and the only source of the benefit stream below.
| Metric | Value |
|---|---|
| Currency | USD |
| Horizon (years) | 25 |
| Discount rate | 8.00 % |
| Total undiscounted cost (USD) | 11,285.00 |
| Total discounted cost / PV of costs (USD) | 8,091.22 |
| Total undiscounted benefit (USD) | 6,910.50 |
| Total discounted benefit (USD) | 3,178.33 |
| NPV (USD) | -4,912.89 |
| IRR | n/a |
| Simple payback (year) | — |
| Discounted payback (year) | — |
| LCOS (USD/kWh) | 0.3286 |
| Year | Cost (USD) | Benefit (USD) | Net (USD) | Discount factor | Discounted net (USD) | Energy (kWh) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 6,000.00 | 0.00 | -6,000.00 | 1.00 | -6,000.00 | 0.00 |
| 1 | 165.00 | 348.55 | 183.55 | 0.9259 | 169.95 | 2,700.00 |
| 2 | 168.30 | 341.57 | 173.27 | 0.8573 | 148.55 | 2,646.00 |
| 3 | 171.67 | 334.74 | 163.08 | 0.7938 | 129.46 | 2,593.08 |
| 4 | 175.10 | 328.05 | 152.95 | 0.7350 | 112.42 | 2,541.22 |
| 5 | 178.60 | 321.49 | 142.89 | 0.6806 | 97.25 | 2,490.39 |
| 6 | 182.17 | 315.06 | 132.88 | 0.6302 | 83.74 | 2,440.59 |
| 7 | 185.82 | 308.76 | 122.94 | 0.5835 | 71.73 | 2,391.77 |
| 8 | 189.53 | 302.58 | 113.05 | 0.5403 | 61.08 | 2,343.94 |
| 9 | 193.32 | 296.53 | 103.21 | 0.5002 | 51.63 | 2,297.06 |
| 10 | 197.19 | 290.60 | 93.41 | 0.4632 | 43.27 | 2,251.12 |
| 11 | 201.13 | 284.79 | 83.65 | 0.4289 | 35.88 | 2,206.10 |
| 12 | 205.16 | 279.09 | 73.93 | 0.3971 | 29.36 | 2,161.97 |
| 13 | 209.26 | 273.51 | 64.25 | 0.3677 | 23.62 | 2,118.74 |
| 14 | 213.45 | 268.04 | 54.59 | 0.3405 | 18.59 | 2,076.36 |
| 15 | 217.71 | 262.68 | 44.96 | 0.3152 | 14.17 | 2,034.83 |
| 16 | 222.07 | 257.42 | 35.36 | 0.2919 | 10.32 | 1,994.14 |
| 17 | 226.51 | 252.28 | 25.77 | 0.2703 | 6.96 | 1,954.25 |
| 18 | 231.04 | 247.23 | 16.19 | 0.2502 | 4.05 | 1,915.17 |
| 19 | 235.66 | 242.29 | 6.63 | 0.2317 | 1.54 | 1,876.87 |
| 20 | 240.37 | 237.44 | -2.93 | 0.2145 | -0.63 | 1,839.33 |
| 21 | 245.18 | 232.69 | -12.49 | 0.1987 | -2.48 | 1,802.54 |
| 22 | 250.08 | 228.04 | -22.05 | 0.1839 | -4.06 | 1,766.49 |
| 23 | 255.09 | 223.48 | -31.61 | 0.1703 | -5.38 | 1,731.16 |
| 24 | 260.19 | 219.01 | -41.18 | 0.1577 | -6.49 | 1,696.54 |
| 25 | 265.39 | 214.63 | -50.76 | 0.1460 | -7.41 | 1,662.61 |
Year 0 = CapEx line (USD 6,000 base). Years 1–25 annual cost = ~USD 165 in year 1, escalating at 2%/yr (preventive maintenance, monitoring, operational insurance). Annual energy = 2,700 kWh in year 1, declining at 2%/yr (degradation). Annual benefit = (energy discharged × USD 0.28/kWh) − (energy charged × USD 0.18/kWh). Discount factor = 1 / (1 + 0.08)t. Net = Benefit − Cost. Discounted net = Net × Discount factor. Residual value at year 25 = USD 0. Simple payback and discounted payback are both reported as "—" because cumulative net never crosses zero within the 25-year horizon, so neither payback is reached.
| Item | Standard / body | Designation (exact) | URL | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cell safety (industrial / stationary LFP) | IEC | IEC 62619:2022 — Secondary lithium cells and batteries for use in industrial applications | https://webstore.iec.ch/ | Certificate number to be supplied with OEM dossier at RFQ |
| DC supply for ESD | IEC | IEC 63056:2020 — DC power supply for energy storage / ESD applications | https://webstore.iec.ch/ | Certificate number to be supplied with OEM dossier at RFQ |
| Transport (lithium cells & batteries) | UNECE | UN 38.3 — UN Manual of Tests and Criteria, ST/SG/AC.10/11/Rev.7, Part III, subsection 38.3 | https://unece.org/transport/dangerous-goods/un-manual-tests-and-criteria | Test summary to be supplied with shipment |
| Power converter safety (if hybrid inverter bundled) | IEC | IEC 62109-1:2010 and IEC 62109-2:2011 — Safety of power converters for use in photovoltaic power systems | https://webstore.iec.ch/ | Certificate number to be supplied with OEM dossier at RFQ |
| EMC | IEC | IEC 61000-6-1:2016 / IEC 61000-6-3:2020 (generic EM emission / immunity) | https://webstore.iec.ch/ | CE-EMC dossier to be supplied with shipment |
| EU Battery Regulation (informational; CH has its own product-safety framework) | European Union | Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 | https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2023/1542/oj | For information; CH-specific conformity per ESTI |
| Swiss low-voltage installation | ESTI / Swiss federal code of practice | ESTI low-voltage installation code (NIN / SN 411000 family) | https://www.esti.admin.ch/ | Installer-side; ESTI-registered installer required |
| Incoterms | ICC | Incoterms® 2020 (EXW, FCA, FOB, CIF, DAP, DDP) | https://iccwbo.org/business-solutions/incoterms-rules/incoterms-2020/ | Reference for the freight & risk-allocation rows above |
No certification number, body logo, ranking claim ("No.1", "best", "top supplier"), or review stars is asserted on this page. All certificates and test summaries are to be supplied by the OEM and verified against the designation+edition URL printed above before shipment. The OEM, SKU and manual revision are fixed at RFQ.
| Component | Status | computed source |
|---|---|---|
| HS heading (family) | 8507 (electric accumulators) — lithium-ion packs for stationary ESS | EZV / Swiss Tares (TAREX) |
| Exact 6-digit national subheading | To be confirmed in Tares at the moment of declaration | https://xtares.admin.ch (Swiss Federal Customs Administration — Tares) |
| Customs duty (ad valorem) | Lookup in Tares | EZV / Tares |
| Swiss VAT (MWST) | Standard rate to be confirmed at the FTA portal | FTA / ESTV — estv.admin.ch |
| Preferential origin (CN–CH FTA status) | Lookup at SECO | SECO — seco.admin.ch |
| Wood packaging (ISPM 15) | Required for any wooden pallets/crates in the shipment | IPPC ISPM 15 |
| IATA DGR for any air-freight leg | Per IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations (current edition) | IATA DGR |
No specific ad valorem duty rate or MWST rate is asserted on this page. The buyer/importer of record must consult the official Swiss Tares portal and the FTA/ESTV portal at the moment of declaration. The HS heading 8507 is provided as the typical parent heading for a lithium-ion accumulator pack for stationary storage and is not a substitute for an official customs ruling.
Submit the form at /rfq/. Fields include: equipment family / SKU, quantity, Incoterm (EXW / FCA / FOB / CIF / DAP / DDP — per Incoterms® 2020), target certification (IEC 62619:2022, IEC 63056:2020, UN 38.3, CE-LVD+EMC, other), destination country, buyer email, buyer company. Replies target 48 hours.
The product family typically falls under HS heading 8507 (electric accumulators). The exact 6-digit national subheading must be verified in the Swiss Tares tariff at EZV / Tares (xtares.admin.ch) before any import declaration.
Switzerland applies its own independent customs tariff and MWST (standard rate to be confirmed at FTA / ESTV — estv.admin.ch). No specific ad valorem rate is asserted on this page; the buyer/importer of record must look up the rate in Tares at the moment of declaration.
Typically IEC 62619:2022 (cells for industrial applications), IEC 63056:2020 (DC supply for ESD), UN 38.3 (transport per UNECE Manual of Tests and Criteria, ST/SG/AC.10/11/Rev.7), IEC 62109-1:2010 / IEC 62109-2:2011 (if a hybrid inverter is bundled), and the CE framework where applicable. The installer must also observe the ESTI low-voltage installation code. Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 (EUR-Lex) is provided for information; CH conformity follows the Swiss product-safety framework.
Discounted. The model applies an 8.00% real discount rate consistently to costs and benefits over a 25-year horizon (see the cash-flow table above). In this base case, cumulative discounted net never crosses zero; both simple payback and discounted payback are reported as "—" (not reached). NPV = −4,913 USD; LCOS = 0.3286 USD/kWh discharged.
TradVolt coordinates the export from China and works with appointed brokers / forwarders on the destination side. For DDP terms, the buyer must ensure a valid Swiss importer of record is in place before shipment.
Commercial invoice, packing list, bill of lading or CMR, certificate of origin, MSDS, UN 38.3 test summary (per UNECE), the OEM's CE / IEC conformity dossier, and any ISPM 15-marked wood packaging (per IPPC ISPM 15).
All financial figures on this page are computed outputs of the scenario TCO model for the stated scenario only. Indicative landed-CapEx band USD 4,500–7,500; base case 6,000 USD; 25-year horizon at 8.00% real discount; NPV −4,912.89 USD; LCOS 0.3286 USD/kWh. The OEM, exact SKU within the CATL 51.2 V / 200 Ah wall-mount family or equivalent, and the manual revision are not fixed on this page and are confirmed at RFQ. No certification number, ranking claim, third-party logo, or review-star rating is asserted. TradVolt is an export coordinator; final pricing, certification, customs treatment and ESTI-conformity must be confirmed against the OEM datasheet/manual and the official Swiss Tares portal at the moment of order.