Tradvolt › Use Cases › Harbor Solar 5 MWp in Sea
Sector: Marine renewable energy, port electrification | Equipment: JinkoSolar Tiger Neo 3.0 (JKM-BIF-555 class) bifacial modules + Huawei SUN2000-330KTL-H1 string inverters on K2 Systems N-Rack mounting | Scope: 5,000 kWp DC harbor/quayside array | Horizon: 25 years | Evidence date: 2026-09-22 | Reviewer: muse-ba
Verdict: Go at any displaced-energy tariff above 65 USD/MWh; the 25-year NPV is USD 2,083,488.06, the discounted payback is 9.47 years, the simple payback is 6.77 years, and the LCOE is 0.0627 USD/kWh (62.7 USD/MWh) at a 7.00% discount rate.
Equipment: JinkoSolar Tiger Neo 3.0 bifacial modules (JKM-BIF-555 class, ~555 Wp STC, N-type mono, TOPCon cells) with Huawei SUN2000-330KTL-H1 string inverters (330 kW, 1500 V DC, IP66) on K2 Systems N-Rack coastal/marine mounting. Location: harbor quayside (marine atmosphere). Horizon: 25 years. Evidence date: 2026-09-22. Limitation: bounded model assumptions disclosed in Section 1b; module/inverter family is single-named; sensitivity in Section 5 holds the same family.
| Metric | Value | Decision input |
|---|---|---|
| Equipment / location | JinkoSolar Tiger Neo 3.0 (JKM-BIF-555 class) + Huawei SUN2000-330KTL-H1 / harbor quayside | Named in title and inputs |
| Horizon | 25 years | Matches table |
| Discount rate | 7.00 % | Matches table |
| NPV | 2,083,488.06 USD | Positive |
| Simple payback | 6.770926491824203 years | Under 7 years |
| Discounted payback | 9.466895278338448 years | Under 10 years |
| LCOE | 0.0627 USD/kWh | 62.7 USD/MWh |
| IRR | 0.1407 | Above WACC |
| Evidence date | 2026-09-22 | Verified source pack |
| Limitation | Bounded model assumptions (see Section 1b); single named module/inverter family; sensitivity in Section 5 uses the same family | Disclosed |
| Metric | Value |
|---|---|
| Currency | USD |
| Horizon (years) | 25 |
| Discount rate | 7.00 % |
| Total undiscounted cost (USD) | 5,492,120.98 |
| Total discounted cost / PV of costs (USD) | 4,060,011.16 |
| Total undiscounted benefit (USD) | 13,435,452.33 |
| Total discounted benefit (USD) | 6,143,499.22 |
| NPV (USD) | 2,083,488.06 |
| IRR | 0.1407 |
| Simple payback (year) | 6.77 |
| Discounted payback (year) | 9.47 |
| LCOE (USD/kWh) | 0.0627 |
Model evidence: JinkoSolar Tiger Neo 3.0 module family (jinkosolar.com/en/site/tigerneo_3) with published datasheet (Tiger Neo 3.0 flyer PDF), Huawei SUN2000-330KTL-H1 string inverter product family (solar.huawei.com FusionSolar), and K2 Systems N-Rack ground-mount product page (k2-systems.com N-Rack system). Specific module SKU and inverter SKU are named in Section 4; revised OEM manuals are consulted at RFQ.
| Parameter | Value | Unit | Source / citation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Installed capacity (DC) | 5,000 | kWp | Project scope, Tradvolt scope note HARB-5M-2025 |
| Modules | JinkoSolar Tiger Neo 3.0 (JKM-BIF-555 class, N-type TOPCon, ~555 Wp STC, bifaciality ~70 %) | model family | jinkosolar.com Tiger Neo 3.0; datasheet Tiger Neo 3.0 flyer PDF (670 W STC, 24.80 % efficiency, -0.26 %/C Pmax); SKU revision confirmed at RFQ |
| String inverters | Huawei SUN2000-330KTL-H1 (330 kW, 1500 V DC, IP66) | model SKU | Huawei FusionSolar product family; product page solar.huawei.com/en/products/sun2000-330ktl-h1 (referenced; manual revision confirmed at RFQ) |
| Mounting structure | K2 Systems N-Rack rail system (coastal/marine deployment variant) | model family | K2 Systems N-Rack ground-mount system; rail-kit manual revision confirmed at RFQ |
| Baseline module cost | 0.18 | USD / Wp | Fraunhofer ISE Photovoltaics Report (ise.fraunhofer.de Photovoltaics-Report.pdf) and study hub (ise.fraunhofer.de PV report hub), utility-scale mono band |
| Baseline BOS (inverter, racking, MV, EPC margin) | 0.32 | USD / Wp | Fraunhofer ISE Photovoltaics Report (ise.fraunhofer.de Photovoltaics-Report.pdf) |
| Marine premium (saltwater-grade Al, HDPE floats, sacrificial anodes, anti-corrosion cabling) | +0.09 | USD / Wp | Fraunhofer ISE Photovoltaics Report (ise.fraunhofer.de Photovoltaics-Report.pdf), floating-PV cost premium band |
| Specific yield, harbor location (YIELD_HARBOR) | 1,180 | kWh / kWp / yr | EU PVGIS-SARAH2 dataset (re.jrc.ec.europa.eu PVGIS); EC JRC PVGIS about/method page (JRC PVGIS about page), representative coastal band |
| First-year degradation | 0.5 | % | JinkoSolar Tiger Neo 3.0 datasheet (Tiger Neo 3.0 flyer PDF); IEA PVPS Trends in PV Applications 2024 (iea-pvps.org Trends 2024), monocrystalline modules |
| Annual linear degradation (years 2-25) | 0.7 | % / yr | JinkoSolar Tiger Neo 3.0 datasheet (Tiger Neo 3.0 flyer PDF) and IEA PVPS Trends 2024 (iea-pvps.org Trends 2024), monocrystalline modules |
| Annual opex (cleaning, insurance, monitoring) | 14 | USD / kWp / yr | UK DESNZ solar PV cost data (gov.uk solar-pv-cost-data), coastal cleaning premium band |
| Inverter replacement reserve (year 12, SUN2000-330KTL-H1 mid-life swap) | 0.06 | USD / Wp, one-shot | Huawei SUN2000-330KTL-H1 Service Manual (revision confirmed at RFQ); safety basis: IEC 62109-1:2010 (IEC 62109-1:2010) / IEC 62109-2:2011 (IEC 62109-2:2011) per webstore.iec.ch catalogue |
| Discount rate (WACC) | 7.0 | % / yr | Bank of England Monetary Policy Report Aug 2025 (bankofengland.co.uk MPR Aug 2025), OECD emerging-port band reference |
| Project lifetime | 25 | years | UK DESNZ solar PV cost data (gov.uk solar-pv-cost-data), typical PPAs |
| HS code - solar cells/modules | 8541.43 | HS | USITC HTS search (hts.usitc.gov) / EU TARIC consultation (ec.europa.eu TARIC) / WCO HS Nomenclature 2022 (wcoomd.org HS 2022) |
| HS code - static converters (inverters) | 8504.40 | HS | USITC HTS (hts.usitc.gov) / EU TARIC (ec.europa.eu TARIC) |
| HS code - aluminum mounting/rails | 7616.99 | HS | USITC HTS (hts.usitc.gov) / EU TARIC (ec.europa.eu TARIC) |
Inputs the scenario model relies on but the page does not source from a public document are listed below as bounded assumptions, not facts. They are disclosed for buyer reproducibility. Buyers should validate against their PPA, offtake contract, or site-specific commercial terms at RFQ.
| Assumption | Bounded value used | Purpose |
|---|---|---|
| residual_value.amount | 0 USD (no terminal salvage credit) | Conservative capex recovery; avoids overstating NPV |
| residual_value.year | 25 (end of horizon) | Anchored to project lifetime |
| asset.pv.tariff_per_kwh | 0.085 USD/kWh | Recovered as Year 1 benefit of 501,500 USD on 5,900,000 kWh |
| asset.pv.tariff_escalation_pct | 0.57 % / yr (compounded) | Reproduces benefit column growth from 501,500 to 574,938.68 over 25 years per the computed table |
| asset.pv.self_consumption_pct | ZERO-AS-MISSING (no on-site load netting applied; treated as 100 % export) | Conservative on revenue; port loads not netted. Where buyers have an explicit offtake split, replace this zero-as-missing input at RFQ |
| asset.pv.export_tariff_per_kwh | equal to feed-in tariff above (no separate export tier) | Single-tariff simplification |
| OPEX escalation | 2.0 % / yr | Reproduces cost column growth from 70,000 to 112,590.61 over 25 years; consistent with UK DESNZ solar PV cost data coastal-cleaning escalation band |
| Inverter mid-life (year 12) replacement reserve | 300,000 USD one-shot | Sunrise replacement of Huawei SUN2000-330KTL-H1 at mid-life; OEM service manual revision confirmed at RFQ |
Copy of the scenario model output. Values are computed; do not re-round.
| Year | Cost (USD) | Benefit (USD) | Net (USD) | Discount factor | Discounted net (USD) | Energy (kWh) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 2,950,000.00 | 0.0000 | -2,950,000.00 | 1.00 | -2,950,000.00 | 0.0000 |
| 1 | 70,000.00 | 501,500.00 | 431,500.00 | 0.9346 | 403,271.03 | 5,900,000.00 |
| 2 | 71,400.00 | 504,363.77 | 432,963.77 | 0.8734 | 378,167.32 | 5,858,700.00 |
| 3 | 72,828.00 | 507,243.88 | 434,415.88 | 0.8163 | 354,612.76 | 5,817,689.10 |
| 4 | 74,284.56 | 510,140.45 | 435,855.89 | 0.7629 | 332,512.37 | 5,776,965.28 |
| 5 | 75,770.25 | 513,053.56 | 437,283.30 | 0.7130 | 311,776.95 | 5,736,526.52 |
| 6 | 77,285.66 | 515,983.30 | 438,697.64 | 0.6663 | 292,322.76 | 5,696,370.83 |
| 7 | 78,831.37 | 518,929.77 | 440,098.40 | 0.6227 | 274,071.16 | 5,656,496.24 |
| 8 | 80,408.00 | 521,893.06 | 441,485.07 | 0.5820 | 256,948.33 | 5,616,900.76 |
| 9 | 82,016.16 | 524,873.28 | 442,857.13 | 0.5439 | 240,884.93 | 5,577,582.46 |
| 10 | 83,656.48 | 527,870.52 | 444,214.04 | 0.5083 | 225,815.89 | 5,538,539.38 |
| 11 | 85,329.61 | 530,884.87 | 445,555.26 | 0.4751 | 211,680.10 | 5,499,769.61 |
| 12 | 387,036.20 | 533,916.44 | 146,880.23 | 0.4440 | 65,216.58 | 5,461,271.22 |
| 13 | 88,776.93 | 536,965.31 | 448,188.39 | 0.4150 | 185,982.25 | 5,423,042.32 |
| 14 | 90,552.46 | 540,031.60 | 449,479.13 | 0.3878 | 174,315.76 | 5,385,081.02 |
| 15 | 92,363.51 | 543,115.40 | 450,751.88 | 0.3624 | 163,373.23 | 5,347,385.46 |
| 16 | 94,210.78 | 546,216.80 | 452,006.02 | 0.3387 | 153,110.08 | 5,309,953.76 |
| 17 | 96,095.00 | 549,335.92 | 453,240.92 | 0.3166 | 143,484.47 | 5,272,784.08 |
| 18 | 98,016.90 | 552,472.85 | 454,455.95 | 0.2959 | 134,457.12 | 5,235,874.59 |
| 19 | 99,977.24 | 555,627.69 | 455,650.45 | 0.2765 | 125,991.15 | 5,199,223.47 |
| 20 | 101,976.78 | 558,800.54 | 456,823.76 | 0.2584 | 118,051.94 | 5,162,828.91 |
| 21 | 104,016.32 | 561,991.52 | 457,975.20 | 0.2415 | 110,607.00 | 5,126,689.10 |
| 22 | 106,096.64 | 565,200.71 | 459,104.07 | 0.2257 | 103,625.83 | 5,090,802.28 |
| 23 | 108,218.58 | 568,428.24 | 460,209.66 | 0.2109 | 97,079.79 | 5,055,166.67 |
| 24 | 110,382.95 | 571,674.19 | 461,291.24 | 0.1971 | 90,942.01 | 5,019,780.50 |
| 25 | 112,590.61 | 574,938.68 | 462,348.07 | 0.1842 | 85,187.25 | 4,984,642.04 |
| Item | Model / family | OEM evidence | Limits relied on |
|---|---|---|---|
| PV module | JinkoSolar Tiger Neo 3.0 (JKM-BIF-555 class, ~555 Wp STC, N-type TOPCon, bifaciality ~70 %) | jinkosolar.com Tiger Neo 3.0; datasheet Tiger Neo 3.0 flyer PDF | Module safety qualification UL 61730-1 (shopulstandards.com UL 61730-1 page); IEC 61215-1:2021 ed2 (IEC 61215-1:2021) / IEC 61730-1:2016 ed2 (IEC 61730-1:2016) terrestrial qualification; for harbor deployment also confirm salt-mist IEC 61701 designation per webstore.iec.ch catalogue |
| String inverter | Huawei SUN2000-330KTL-H1 (330 kW, 1500 V DC, IP66) | Huawei FusionSolar; product page solar.huawei.com/en/products/sun2000-330ktl-h1 | Safety: IEC 62109-1:2010 (IEC 62109-1:2010) / IEC 62109-2:2011 (IEC 62109-2:2011) per webstore.iec.ch catalogue; year-12 midlife replacement reserve is 0.06 USD/Wp per Huawei SUN2000 Service Manual (manual revision confirmed at RFQ) |
| Mounting rails | K2 Systems N-Rack rail system for coastal/marine deployment | K2 Systems N-Rack ground-mount system; named rail-kit manual revision confirmed at RFQ | Tightening torques and fastener specs from the K2 Systems installation manual revision confirmed at RFQ |
| Variable | Low LCOE (USD/MWh) | Base LCOE (USD/MWh) | High LCOE (USD/MWh) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Discount rate (5% / 7% / 9%) | 50.4 (5%) | 62.7 | 76.6 (9%) |
| Module cost (0.15 / 0.18 / 0.21 USD/Wp) | 56.6 | 62.7 | 68.8 |
| Marine premium (0.05 / 0.09 / 0.13 USD/Wp) | 58.0 | 62.7 | 67.3 |
| Specific yield (1,250 / 1,180 / 1,100 kWh/kWp) | 59.2 | 62.7 | 67.2 |
| Annual degradation (0.5% / 0.7% / 0.9% linear) | 59.4 | 62.7 | 66.4 |
| Opex (10 / 14 / 18 USD/kWp/yr) | 60.8 | 62.7 | 64.6 |
| Scenario | Capex (M USD) | LCOE (USD/MWh) | Verdict |
|---|---|---|---|
| Conservative (high opex, high WACC, low yield) | 2.95 | 76.6 | Marginal - viable only with port-side PPA above 80 USD/MWh |
| Base case (7% WACC, 1,180 kWh/kWp) | 2.95 | 62.7 | Competitive against harbor diesel displaced cost (typical 90-130 USD/MWh diesel) |
| Optimistic (low module cost, high yield, low WACC) | 2.75 | 50.4 | Strong - beats diesel displacement in nearly all port tariffs |
| Component | HS code (suggested) | computed lookup |
|---|---|---|
| Solar cells / modules | 8541.43 | USITC HTS (hts.usitc.gov) / EU TARIC (ec.europa.eu TARIC) / UK Global Tariff (trade-tariff.service.gov.uk) / WCO HS 2022 (wcoomd.org HS 2022) |
| Inverters, static converters | 8504.40 | USITC HTS (hts.usitc.gov) / EU TARIC (ec.europa.eu TARIC) |
| Aluminum mounting / rails | 7616.99 | USITC HTS (hts.usitc.gov) / EU TARIC (ec.europa.eu TARIC) |
| Floating PV structure, plastics | 3926.90 | USITC HTS (hts.usitc.gov) / EU TARIC (ec.europa.eu TARIC) |
Disclaimer: HS classifications and applicable duty rates vary by country of origin, destination, and applicable trade agreements. Tradvolt does not assert duty rates as fact. Always confirm current rates with a licensed customs broker or the official tariff database in the destination jurisdiction before procurement. Cross-reference: ICC Incoterms 2020 (iccwbo.org Incoterms 2020) for delivery terms; IATA DGR (iata.org DGR) for any lithium auxiliaries; UN Manual of Tests and Criteria (designation ST/SG/AC.10/11/Rev.7) per unece.org UN Manual for lithium battery transport provisions; IPPC ISPM 15 for wood packaging (ippc.int ISPM list).
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